Cells

Question 1

Water Properties

Answer 1

1. Liquid over wide range of temps
2. Cohesive and Adhesive
3. Universal Solvent
4. Has Low Viscosity

Question 7

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 7

rough ER(with ribosomes): assists in producing, processing and transporting proteins

Question 9

Lysosomes

Answer 9

holds digestive enzymes

Question 10

Mitochondria

Answer 10

site of cellular respiration, produces energy for plant cells’ activities, has 2 membranes and own DBA

Question 16

Passive Transport

Answer 16

The exchange of substances without energy: diffusion osmosis & facilitated diffusion

Question 17

Active Transport

Answer 17

The exchange of substances with energy: 1. transport proteins 2. uses energy 3. across the cell membrane 4. against concentration gradient

Question 32

Cell Respiration

Answer 32

produce ATP Glucose + O2 –energy–> CO2 + H2O + 36 ATP

Question 51

mitochondria

Answer 51

organelle that harvests energy to make ATP

Question 52

hypertonic

Answer 52

lower concentration in the cell –> water diffuses out –> cell shrinks

Question 53

hypotonic

Answer 53

higher concentration in the cell –> water diffuses in –> cell swells

Question 54

isotonic

Answer 54

same concentration –> water diffuses in and out at same proportion

Question 152

why must cells be small

Answer 152

because the surface area to volume ratio gets smaller as the cell gets larger and the surface area to volume ratio must be large so that the exchange of nutrients and waste is faster and easier

Question 153

cohesive

Answer 153

when a molecule of a certain element attracts (to) a molecule of the same element, requires the molecule to be polar

Question 154

adhesive

Answer 154

when molecules of a different elements attract

Question 155

concentration

Answer 155

amount per area

Question 156

equilibrium

Answer 156

balance of concentration across two areas

Question 157

solution

Answer 157

the mixture created after a substance dissolves in another substance

Question 158

solvent

Answer 158

the substance that another substance can dissolve in

Question 159

unsaturated fat

Answer 159

1 hydrogen per carbon molecule, generally liquid

Question 160

saturated fat

Answer 160

>1 hydrogen per carbon molecule, generally solid

Question 161

hydrolysis

Answer 161

add water to break a bond

Question 162

dehydration synthesis

Answer 162

extract water to create a bond

Question 163

homeostasis

Answer 163

an organism’s attempt to maintain internal conditions despite external changes

Question 164

reproduction

Answer 164

all living things reproduce

Question 168

10% rule

Answer 168

you only receive 10% of the energy from the food you eat

Question 169

decomposers

Answer 169

bacteria/fungi that break down the waste and dead bodies of autotrophs/heterotrophs in order to extract energy

Question 170

symbiosis

Answer 170

a close relationship between organisms

Question 171

Parasitism

Answer 171

(symbiotic relationship) one organism harms the other (to help itself)

Question 173

Mutualism

Answer 173

(symbiotic relationship) both organisms benefit

Question 175

Commensalism

Answer 175

(symbiotic relationship) one organism beenfits, the other is neither harmed nor helped

Question 176

Enzyme Properties

Answer 176

have specific shape (active site) for their specific function, lowers energy of activation, reusable because they don’t change after chemical reactions

Question 177

HIV

Answer 177

system affected: immune system

cells affected: T4 cells

opportunistic infections: since it affects your immune system you get other infections because your immune system is weak