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#‼️HISTOLOGY COPY > XIII - Renal/Urinary System > Flashcards

XIII - Renal/Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

Epithelium of renal tubules

A

simple cuboidal

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2
Q

Renal Functional Unit

A

Nephron

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3
Q

Nephron Components

A

renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct

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4
Q

Tuft of finely fenestrated capillaries interposed between afferent and efferent arterioles

A

glomerulus

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5
Q

Bowman’s Capsule: simple squamous, continuous with PCT

A

outer parietal layer

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6
Q

Bowman’s Capsule: receives the fluid filtrates through the capillary wall and visceral layer

A

capsular (urinary) space

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7
Q

Bowman’s Capsule: podocytes resting on lamina, part of the glomerular filtration barrier

A

internal / visceral layer

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8
Q

PCT: Cells

A

simple cuboidal with brush border

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9
Q

PCT: Location

A

cortex

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10
Q

Thin Limbs of Loop of Henle: Cells

A

simple squamous

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11
Q

Thin Limbs of Loop of Henle: Location

A

medulla

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12
Q

Thick Ascending Limb of Loop of Henle: Cells

A

simple cuboidal

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13
Q

Thick Ascending Limb of Loop of Henle: Location

A

medulla, medullary rays

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14
Q

DCT: Cells

A

simple cuboidal

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15
Q

DCT: Location

A

cortex

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16
Q

Collecting Duct - Principal Cells: Features

A

most abundant, cuboidal to columnar

17
Q

Collecting Duct - Principal Cells: Location

A

medulla and medullary rays

18
Q

Collecting Duct - Intercalated Cells: Features

A

few, scattered

19
Q

Collecting Duct - Intercalated Cells: Location

A

medullary rays

20
Q

Principal cells absorb

A

sodium

21
Q

Principal cells secrete

A

potassium

22
Q

Intercallated cells absorb

A

bicarbonate, potassium

23
Q

Intercallated cells secrete

A

hydrogen

24
Q

Glomerular Filtration Barrier

A

capillary endothelium, basement membrane, podocyte foot processes

25
Q

Glomerular Filtration Barrier: Size

A

capillary endothelium

26
Q

Glomerular Filtration Barrier: Charge

A

basement membrane, podocyte foot processes

27
Q

Modified smooth muscle cells that secrete renin, afferent arteriole

A

JG (juxtaglomerular) cells

28
Q

Monitors the concentration of sodium in the distal tubules

A

macula densa

29
Q

Contains receptors for angiotensin II and atrial natriuretic peptide

A

mesangial cells

30
Q

Mechanism involving kidneys responsible for regulation of blood pressure

A

renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)

31
Q

Male Urethra: 3-4 cm, urothelium

A

prostatic

32
Q

Male Urethra: short, passes through external sphincter, stratified columnar, pseudostratified columnar

A

membranous

33
Q

Male Urethra: 15cm, stratified columnar, psudostratified columnar, stratified squamous (distal)

A

spongy

34
Q

Female Urethra: Length

A

4-5 cm

35
Q

Female Urethra: Epithelium

A

transitional, stratified squamous (distal), some areas of pseudostratified columnar

#‼️HISTOLOGY COPY (28 decks)

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