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PSYC106 > Abnormal part 2 > Flashcards

Abnormal part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Who is Philippe Pinel (1745-1826)?

A

Father of modern psychiatry

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2
Q

What did Dorthea Dix do in the 19th century?

A

Reform the U.S system and introduced kindly care

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3
Q

What happened to psychiatric care in the 20th Century?

A

Deinstiutionalization, care began to become more humane, people were integrated back into the community instead of being in asylums

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4
Q

What is the history of psychiatry care in NZ?

A

Most mentally ill people were kept in prison (1840s), seen as incurable, by 1990s most psychiatric hospitals were closed.

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5
Q

What are some current places of treatment?

A

Public or private mental hospitals, general hospitals, nursing homes, community health centres

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6
Q

Who are some of the providers of treatment?

A

Psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, counselling psychologists, counsellors, social workers, nurses, self-help groups.

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7
Q

What is Psychotherapy?

A

Psychotherapy is a systematic interaction between a client and a therapist that incorporates psychological principles to help bring about changes a client.

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8
Q

What sort of changes is psychotherapy aiming to help a client achieve?

A

Changes in behaviours, thoughts and feeling.

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9
Q

What does Psychotherapy result in?

A

Client overcomes abnormal behaviour, solve problems in living, develop as an individual

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10
Q

What are the common features in therapy?

A

Attentive listening, empathy, nonverbal behaviours, instilling hope, positive expectancies.

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11
Q

What is the concept called when someone improves without treatment?

A

Natural improvement

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12
Q

What is a placebo?

A

An inert substance or procedure that has been applied with expectation that a healing response will be produced

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13
Q

What is Reconstructive memory?

A

People receiving treatment retrospectively recall they were worse before treatment.

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14
Q

Does psychotherapy help?

A

Yes, but no single type of therapy stands out clearly better than other types

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15
Q

What therapies are available?

A

Psychodynamic, humanistic and existential, cognitive behavioural (CBT), group, biological.

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16
Q

What did Sigmund Feud (1856-1939) do?

A

Founded psychoanalysis

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17
Q

What is psychoanalysis?

A

The process of revealing the unconscious

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18
Q

What is Free association?

A

When the client reports every thought that enters the mind, without censoring or filtering.

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19
Q

What is Replicability?

A

A measure should yield the same results regardless of who administers the test

20
Q

What is Validity?

A

When results consistently map onto the attribute that the test is designed to measure

21
Q

What are the steps in psychoanalysis?

A

Confrontation, Clarification, Interpretation and working through

22
Q

What is Transference?

A

When the patient’s unconscious feelings about a person in their life experienced as feelings toward the therapist

23
Q

What is Countertransference?

A

Therapists own reactions transferred to the patient

24
Q

What does modern psychodynamic theory focus on?

A

is an approach to psychology that emphasizes systematic study of the psychological forces that underlie human behavior, feelings, and emotions

25
Q

What are the key features of therapy?

A

Empathy, unconditional positive regard and genuineness

26
Q

What does gestalt therapy focus on?

A

Helps the person to become aware of thought, behaviours, experiences and feelings. Also focuses on the here and now.

27
Q

deleted

A

Deleted

28
Q

What do cognitive and behavioural therapies focus on?

A

Focus on current factors that contribute to problems

29
Q

Specifically what does behaviour therapy focus on?

A

Focuses on observable symptoms, assumes disordered behaviour is learned, based on CLASSICAL and OPERANT conditioning.

30
Q

What is classical conditioning?

A

Pavlov: looks before the cause

31
Q

What is operant conditioning?

A

Skinner: Looks after the cause, reinforcement and punishment

32
Q

What techniques are applied to behaviour therapy?

A

Eliminating unwanted behaviours, promoting desired behaviours, reducing unwanted emotional responses.

33
Q

How do people help eliminate unwanted behaviours?

A

Aversion therapy, use of operant conditioning and aims to develop avoidance behaviours

34
Q

How do people promote desired behaviours?

A

Operant conditioning, shaping, extinction.

35
Q

How do people reduce unwanted emotional responses?

A

Systematic desensitization, exposure therapy and modeling.

36
Q

What is the goal of Systematic Desensitisation?

A

To overcome an avoidance pattern by gradual exposure to the phobic object until it can be tolerated.

37
Q

What are the three phases of Systematic Desensitisation?

A

Learning deep muscle relaxation, develop a fear hierarchy, work up the fear hierarchy using relaxation to reduce anxiety.

38
Q

What is Modelling?

A

Persons learns behaviour by observing and imitating others

39
Q

What does cognitive therapy do?

A

helps the person identify and correct distorted or unhelpful thinking that leads to emotional and behavioural problems.

40
Q

What does ABC stand for in abnormal psychology?

A 
A= activating event in the environment 
B= belief triggered in clients mind by event 
C= emotional consequence of the belief
41
Q

What does Cognitive and Behavioural therapies (CBT) focus on?

A

Focuses on dysfunctional thoughts and maladaptive behaviours

42
Q

What disorders could benefit from CBT?

A

Anxiety, Depression, panic attacks, addictions, eating disorders, anger and phobias

43
Q

What is group therapy?

A

Group of unconnected individuals, benefit of group context, recognise problems are not unique, less costly

44
Q

What does family therapy aim to do?

A

Investigate faulty communication and interactional styles within family

45
Q

What does Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and Transcrinial magnetic stimulation (TMS)treat ?

A

Severe depression

46
Q

What does phototherapy treat?

A

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)

47
Q

What does Psychosurgery do?

A

destroy parts of the brain and create small lesions to disprupt pathways

PSYC106 (6 decks)

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