STATES OF MATTER

Question 1

Solids

Answer 1

Packed very close together in regular arrangement
Vibrate around fixed positions
Strong forced of attraction between them
Definite shape
High density`

Question 2

Liquid

Answer 2

Irregular arrangement of particles
Particles move over each other
Take shape of the container
Lower density than solid
Fixed size
Lower forces of attraction between particles

Question 3

Gas

Answer 3

Particles spread out 
Particles move around quickly
Fills the container
Lower density than liquid
Can be compressed
Weak forces of attraction

Question 4

Melting

Answer 4

Solid -> liquid
Energy from heat source-> particles vibrate faster + faster(have more kinetic energy)
Vibrate so fast that forces of attraction no longer strong enough to hold them together
Solid melts into liquid, temp stays constant at melting point until all solid = liquid

Question 5

Boiling

NB evaporating can take place at any temp, boiling happens at specific temp

Answer 5

Liquid -> gas

• particles gain kinetic energy, move further apart
• temp increases as kinetic energy increases
• particles moving further apart -> overcome attractive forces
• temp stays constant until all liquid boils
• now a gas, energy put in increases kinetic energy, substance gets hotter and hotter

Question 6

Freezing

Answer 6

Particles lose kinetic energy
Begin to vibrate around a fixed position, 
Forces of attraction increase
Can no longer flow over each other
Liquid-> solid

Question 7

Condensing

Answer 7

Particles lose kinetic energy
Forces of attraction bring them closer together
Movement becomes more restricted, however they can still flow over each other
Gas -> liquid

Question 8

Sublimation

Answer 8

Solid -> gas

Gas -> solid