Infections Flashcards
Malaria main pathogen and first line treatment for serious cases
Plasmodium falciparum (most severe). In severe malaria, IV artesunate is most apprpriate
Rash seen in sepsis and what type of sepsis
Purpura fulminans. Mainly meningococcal but can also be strep or staph
Most common cause of cellulitis and good treatment
Staph aureus (b haemolytic) flucloxacillin
B alpha and gamma haemolytic bacteria
Refers to how much haemolytic they do (alpha a lot, beta partial and gamma none)
Pathophysiology of tuberculosis
Macrophage migration to regional lymph nodes creating gohn complexe on CXR.
Differentiation between minigitis and encephalitis
Encephalitis has a lack of focal neurological symptoms. Meningitis has more headache, vomiting, neck stiffness.
H pylori associated conditions
Peptic ulcer disease (mainly duodenal but also gastric). Gastric cancer, B cell lymphoma, MALT lymphoma.
Investigations in H pylori and when to confirm eradication
Urea breath test or stool antigen test. Retest to confirm eradication after 6 to 8 weeks after starting treatment
Eradication therapy for H pylori
A PPI + 2 abx (usually amoxicillin plus clarithromycin or metronidazole
Investigation in NAFLD
First line is Enhanced liver fibrosis score based on blood tests.
Tumour marker for hepatocellular carcinoma
Alpha fetoprotein
Jaundiced fever and RUQ pain signs
Acute cholangitis (infection of the billiary tree)
Classic presentation of primary sclerosing cholangitis and gold standard exam
Man with UC presents with RUQ pain, fatigue, pruritis and jaundice. MRCP.
Primary billiary cirrhosis common presentation
Autoimmune damage to intralobar ducts, associated with anti mitochondrial ab.
C. difficile infection type of bacteria and treatment
Gram + rods. Metronidazole first line, add vancomycin for a second episode or severe infection
