EA

Question 1

Type of EA

Answer 1

• Isolated EA (50%)

* Syndromic EA (50%)

Question 2

Ratio isolated EA:syndrome EA

Answer 2

50%:50%

Question 3

Syndrome EA

Answer 3

VACTERAL

CHARGE

Question 4

VACTERAL

Answer 4

Vertebral, Anorectal, Cardiac, Tracheo- Esophageal, Renal, and Limb abnormalities

Question 5

Charge syndrome

Answer 5

Coloboma

Heart defects Atresia of the choanae developmental Retardation Genital hypoplasia Ear deformities

Question 6

Most common type of EA

Answer 6

Proximal atresia with distal fistula 85%

Question 7

Second m/c type of EA

Answer 7

Pure atresia w/o fistula

Question 8

Antenatal diagnosis

Answer 8

Nonnnnnn specific

Polyhydramnios
Absent or small stomach bubble

Question 9

Time of Diagnosis

Answer 9

All diagnosis after birth

Question 10

Postnatal diagnosis

Answer 10

• Excessive salivation
  
  • Coiled feeding tube in the blind upper pouch around T2–T4 on chest x-ray

• Presence/absence of gas in the stomach and bowel on abdominal x-ray
→assign the type of EA

• +/- Contrast study

Question 11

How we assign the type of EA

Answer 11

On abdominal X-ray

Presence/absence of gas in the stomach and bowel

Question 12

Operative repair depends on

Answer 12

on the gap between esophageal ends

Question 13

Operative repair depends on the gap between esophageal ends:

Answer 13

<2 vertebrae → primary anastomosis
2-6 vertebrae → gastrostomy + delayed primary
anastomosis
>6 vertebrae → gastrostomy + esophagostomy + esophageal replacement later on

Question 14

Is EA emergency?

Answer 14

No

Question 15

Benefits of open thoracotomy

Answer 15

Easier

Good outcome

Question 16

Disadvantages open

Answer 16

Chest asymmetry