Muscles and movements of the upper limb

Question 1

Muscles responsible for adduction of shoulder joint. What about horizontally?

Answer 1

Pectoralis major [lateral pectoral nerve - C5, C6; medial pectoral nerve - C8, T1]
Latissimus dorsi [Thoracodorsal nerve - C6, C7, C8]
Teres major [Lower subscapular nerve - C5, C6]
Coracobrachialis [MC - C5, C6, C7]
—>Horizontal: Anterior deltoid [Axillary nerve - C5, C6], Pectoralis major [lateral pectoral nerve - C5, C6; medial pectoral nerve - C8, T1]

Question 2

Muscles responsible for abduction of shoulder joint. What about horizontally?

Answer 2

(for first 15 degrees) Supraspinatus [Suprascapular nerve - C5, C6]
Deltoids [Axillary nerve - C5, C6]
—>Posterior Deltoid [Axillary nerve - C5, C6]

Question 3

Muscles responsible for flexion of shoulder joint

Answer 3

Pectoralis major clavicular portion [lateral pectoral nerve - C5, C6]
Deltoid anterior [Axillary nerve - C5, C6]
Coracobrachialis [Musculocutaneous nerve - C5, C6, C7]
Biceps brachii [Musculocutaneous nerve - C5, C6, C7]

Question 4

Muscles responsible for extension of shoulder joint

Answer 4

Latissimus dorsi [Thoracodorsal nerve - C6, C7, C8]
Triceps brachii long head [Radial nerve - C5, C6, C7, C8, T1]
Deltoid posterior [Axillary nerve - C5, C6]
Teres major [Lower subscapular nerve - C5, C6]

Question 5

Muscles responsible for protraction of shoulder girdle

Answer 5

Pectoralis minor [Medial pectoral nerve - C8, T1]

Serratus anterior [Long thoracic nerve - C5, C6, C7]

Question 6

Muscles responsible for retraction of shoulder girdle

Answer 6

Rhomboideus major and minor [Dorsal scapular nerve - C5]

Traps

Question 7

Muscles responsible for elevation of shoulder girdle

Answer 7

Trapezius [Accessory nerve - CN XI]

Levator scapulae [Dorsal scapular nerve - C5; cervical roots]

Question 8

Muscles responsible for depression of shoulder girdle

Answer 8

Trapezius lower fibres [Accessory nerve - CN XI]
Pectoralis minor [Medial pectoral nerve - C8, T1]
Pecs major
Serratus anterior [long thoracic nerve - C5, C6, C7]

Question 9

Muscles responsible for rotation of shoulder girdle

Answer 9

Trapezius lower fibres [Accessory nerve - CN XI)

Question 10

Muscles responsible for internal rotation of shoulder joint

Answer 10

Pectoralis major [Lateral pectoral nerve - C5, C6; Medial pectoral nerve - C8, T1]
Subscapularis [Upper and lower subscapular nerve - C5, C6]
Teres major [Lower subscapular nerve - C5, C6; Thoracodorsal nerve - C6, C7, C8]
Latissimus dorsi [Thoracodorsal nerve - C6, C7, C8]
Deltoid anterior [Axillary nerve - C5, C6]

Question 11

Muscles responsible for external rotation of shoulder joint

Answer 11

Infraspinatus [Suprascapular nerve - C5, C6]
Teres minor [Axillary nerve - C5, C6]
Deltoid posterior {Axillary nerve - C5, C6]

Question 12

Muscles responsible for flexion of elbow joint

Answer 12

Biceps brachii [Musculocutaneous nerve - C5, C6, C7]
Brachioradialis [Radial nerve - C5, C6, C7, C8, T1]
Brachialis {Musculocutaneous nerve - C5, C6, C7]
Coracobrachialis [Musculocutaneous nerve - C5, C6, C7]

Question 13

Muscles responsible for extension of elbow joint

Answer 13

Triceps brachii [Radial nerve - C5, C6, C7, C8, T1]

Question 14

Muscles responsible for pronation of elbow joint

Answer 14

Pronator teres [Median nerve - C5, C6, C7, C8, T1]

Pronator quadratus [Median nerve - C5, C6, C7, C8, T1]

Question 15

Muscles responsible for supination of elbow joint

Answer 15

Biceps brachii [Musculocutaneous nerve - C5, C6, C7]

Supinator [Radial nerve - C5, C6, C7, C8, T1]

Question 16

Muscles responsible for plantarflexion of wrist

Answer 16

Flexor carpi radialis [Median nerve - C5, C6, C7, C8, T1]
Flexor carpi ulnaris [Ulna nerve - C8, T1]
Palmaris longus [Median nerve - C5, C6, C7, C8, T1]
Flexor digitorum profondus [Anterior interosseous nerve - C8, T1; Ulna nerve - C8, T1]
Flexor digitorum superficialis [Median nerve - C7, C8, T1]
Flexor pollicis [Anterior interosseous nerve - C8, T1]

Question 17

Muscles responsible for dorsiflexion of wrist

Answer 17

Extensor carpi radialis [Radial nerve deep branch - C8, T1]
Extensor carpi ulnaris [Radial nerve deep branch - C8, T1]
Extensor digitorum [Posterior interosseous nerve - C7, C8]
Extensor digiti minimi [Posterior interosseous nerve - C7, C8]
Extensor indicis [Posterior interosseous nerve - C7, C8]

Question 18

Muscles responsible for abduction of wrist

Answer 18

Flexor carpi radialis [Median nerve - C5, C6, C7, C8, T1]
Extensor carpi radialis [Radial nerve deep branch - C8, T1]
Extensor pollicis [Posterior interosseous nerve - C7, C8]
Flexor pollicis [Anterior interosseous nerve - C8, T1]

Question 19

Muscles responsible for adduction of wrist

Answer 19

Flexor carpi ulnaris [Ulna nerve - C8, T1]

Extensor carpi ulnaris [Radial nerve deep branch - C8, T1]

Question 20

Muscles responsible for flexion of digits II-V

Answer 20

Flexor digitorum profondus [Anterior interosseous nerve - C8, T1; Ulna nerve - C8, T1]
Flexor digitorum superficialis [Median nerve - C7, C8, T1]
Lumbricals 1-2 [Median nerve branch - C8, T1]
Lumbricals 34 [Ulnar nerve - C8, T1]

Question 21

Muscles responsible for extension of digits II-V

Answer 21

Extensor digitorum [Posterior interosseous nerve - C7, C8]
Extensor digiti indicis [Posterior interosseous nerve - C7, C8]
Extensor digiti minimi [Posterior interosseous nerve - C7, C8]

Question 22

Muscles responsible for abduction of digits II-V

Answer 22

Dorsal interossei [Ulnar nerve deep branch - C8, T1]

Question 23

Muscles responsible for adduction of digits II-V

Answer 23

Palmar interossei [Ulnar nerve deep branch - C8, T1]

Question 24

Muscles of the hypothenar eminence

Answer 24

Abductor, flexor and opponens digiti minimi [Ulnar nerve - C8, T1]

Question 25

Muscles of thenar eminence

Answer 25

Abductor pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis and opponens pollicis [Median nerve]