Neuroimaging

Question 1

3 types of extra-axial intracranial haemorrhage

Answer 1

extradural/epidural
subdural
subarach/intraventricular

Question 2

main type of intra-axial ICH

Answer 2

intra-cerebral

Question 3

5 features of an extradural haemorrhage

Answer 3

History of head trauma
Biconvex (lentiform) in shape
Hyperdense or heterogeneously dense
Does not cross sutures
Mass effect

Question 4

3 features of a subdural haemorrhage

Answer 4

Crescent shape (acute, chronic, acute on chronic)
Does cross sutures
Often bilateral

Question 5

5 features of a subarach haemorrhage

Answer 5

Thunderclap headache
Family history of connective tissue disease
Trauma vs spontaneous
CT may be normal in small bleed
Intraventricular haemorrhage

Question 6

3 categories of intracerebral haemorrhage

Answer 6

Primary- hypertensive
Secondary – tumour and metastasis
Trauma - coupe counter coupe

Question 7

describe the role of imaging in acute stroke (6)

Answer 7

CT - exclude intracranial haemorrhage, which would preclude thrombolysis

CT - look for any “early” features of ischaemia

CT - exclude other intracranial pathologies that may mimic a stroke, such as a tumour

CTA- may identify thrombus and assess collaterals

MRI has higher sensitivity and specificity but time consuming

MRI has role in identifying acute vs chronic infarct

Question 8

3 features of abscess

Answer 8

Thin rim enhancing
Vasogenic oedema
Diffusion restriction