Adolescent Health Parts 1 & 2 Flashcards
Why is learning about adolescent health important?
70% of adolescents visit their GP in any one year
Adolescents account for ~12% of inpatient activity
Consistent deterioration across all conditions
What are the two biggest causes of adolescent death?
1) Non-intentional injuries and poisoning
2) Suicide
How well do adolescents tolerate grafts?
Highest graft failure rates
~35% lose kidney
1.8 times the rate of people <17 and >24 years
Substantial costs to individuals & NHS
How does becoming an adolescence affect diabetes?
Deterioration in HbA1c in diabetes
Associated with lasting complications (e.g., cardiovascular disease, neuropathjy, retinopathy).
What is adolescence?
Occurs between 11-25 years
Period of unique and significant development
(biological, psychological, social)
How may the brain change in adolescence?
Brain undergoes significant development during period of adolescence
Many ways this helps to explain the myriad social, emotional and behavioural changes often attributed to adolescence
Development of pre-frontal cortex
Adolescent Development.png
What are the social developments seen in adolescence?
Developing self-identity- increased self-consciousness
Growing independence from parents and increased focus on peer relationships
Problems such as bullying- can have significant imact
Questioning of different views & developing (can lead to increased family conflict)
Development of romantic relationships/sexual orientation
Seeking new experiences and increased risk taking behaviours
What is the relevance of mental health in adolescence?
Critical period for a YP’s mental health and wellbeing
Recent data one in seven 11 to 16 year olds have a diagnosable mental health disorder
Over half of mental health problems are established by age 14 and 75% by age 24
Some data suggests prevalence may be rising
How may consultation set-up change with adolescents?
Offer to see adolescent patients on their own
- Easier if standard practice
- Easier if follow up appointment
- Consider chaparones
- Follow by bringing parents/carers into consultation
Introductions
-Potentially use first name
Agenda setting- what does YP want to discuss?
How might the communication style be adapted for adolescents?
Aim for a conversation, rather than interrogation
Avoid medical jargon
Judge when to used open/closed questions
Explore their priorities/concerns
- Validate concerns
- Tailor management to acknowledge their priorities
Discuss adherence to treatment
- Accept that this will never be 100%
- Likely to differ between treatments even in the same individual
Explore their understanding of their disease and treatments
Assess motivation
Summary of consultation adaption
Building rapport
Providing right environment for young person to share more sensitive issues/problems
Demonstrating understanding/nonjudgement/empathy
Finding out what is important to the young person & tailoring advice accordingly
-May not be long term (or medium term!) health at this point
Be mindful they may not have the basic understanding of their condition
Finding out where the young person is from a motivational perspective & addressing this initially
Summary of consultation adaption
Building rapport
Providing right environment for young person to share more sensitive issues/problems
Demonstrating understanding/nonjudgement/empathy
Finding out what is important to the young person & tailoring advice accordingly
-May not be long term (or medium term!) health at this point
Be mindful they may not have the basic understanding of their condition
Finding out where the young person is from a motivational perspective & addressing this initially
How do you support the developing brain?
Normalising challenges
Supporting problem solving/goal setting
Exploring and negotiating support- school/home
Reminders (e.g., phone)
Finding opportunities to recognise successes
