Chp 14

Question 1

Organization increases speaking effectiveness for 4 reasons

Answer 1

1) ppl like structure
2) easier to grasp connections
3) persuasive
4) credibility

Question 2

To increase listeners comprehension and retention, speakers should do what 4 things

Answer 2

1) use simple sentences
2) provide signposts
3) highlight organization
4) repeat key idea

Question 3

Good speeches follow the form of…

Answer 3

Telling listeners what you’re going to tell them, presenting your message, reminding them of your main points

(Intro, body, conclusion)

Question 4

Oral communication….

Answer 4

1) requires explicit organization
2) benefits from redundancy
3) relies less on complex sentences

Question 5

Name the 3 kinds of outlines

Answer 5

1) working
2) formal
3) key word

Question 6

A sketch of main ideas and their relationship; used by and intended only for the speaker

Answer 6

Working outline

Question 7

A complete outline of a speech, including the parts of a speech, main points, supporting material, transitions, and citations for sources

Answer 7

Formal outline

Question 8

An abbreviated speaking outline that includes only key words that trigger the speakers memory of the full point

Answer 8

Key word outline

Question 9

Temporal pattern

Answer 9

Time and chronological pattern

Question 10

Spatial pattern

Answer 10

Organizes ideas according to physical relationships (system)

Question 11

Topical pattern

Answer 11

Orders presentation into several categories

Question 12

Star pattern

Answer 12

A variation on the topical structure (speaker might start with different points and give more or less attention to other points)

Question 13

Comparative pattern

Answer 13

Compares 2 or more things

Question 14

Problem solution pattern

Answer 14

Divides a topic into 2 areas: a problem and a solution

Question 15

Cause and effect pattern

Answer 15

Used to argue a direct relationship between 2 things

Question 16

A good intro accomplishes 4 goals

Answer 16

1) captures listeners attentions
2) presents clear thesis
3) enhances credibility
4) previews how speech will be developed

Question 17

Anxiety associated with speaking

Answer 17

Communication apprehension

Question 18

2 types of communication apprehension

Answer 18

1) situational

2) chronic

Question 19

Name 2 ways to manage communication apprehension

Answer 19

1) remember anxiety is natural and often helpful in a speech
2) positive self talk

Question 20

A technique of reducing speaking anxiety; a person visualizes herself or himself communicating effectively in progressively challenging speaking situations

Answer 20

Positive visualization

Question 21

The visual, vocal, and verbal aspects of the delivery of a public speech

Answer 21

Oral style

Question 22

3 qualities of oral style

Answer 22

1) informal
2) personal
3) immediate

Question 23

Public speaking that involves little preparation. Speakers think on their feet as they talk about ideas and positions with which they are familiar

Answer 23

Impromptu speaking

Question 24

A presentational style that includes preparation and practice but not memorization of words and nonverbal behaviors

Answer 24

Extemporaneas speaking

Question 25

A presentational style that involves speaking from a complete manuscript of a speech

Answer 25

Manuscript speaking

Question 26

A presentational style in which a speech is memorized word for word in advance

Answer 26

Memorized style