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MLS Microbiology > Curved Gram-Negative Bacilli and Oxidase-Positive Fermenters > Flashcards

Curved Gram-Negative Bacilli and Oxidase-Positive Fermenters Flashcards

1
Q

What is the habitat of the Vibrio genera?

A

Fresh, marine, and salt water

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2
Q

What are the general characteristics of Vibrio?

A

Catalase positive, oxidase positive, glucose fermenters, growth on MacConkey

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3
Q

Where is Vibrio parahaemolyticus an endemic

A

Japan

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4
Q

How is Vibrio parahaemolyticus transmitted?

A

From ingesting raw or undercooked seafood, specifically shellfish and fish

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5
Q

What is the gram stain of Vibrio?

A

Curved, gram negative bacillus.

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6
Q

What is the colony morphology of Vibrio? What agars does it grow well on?

A

Grows well on BAP, MacConkey, and Chocolate agars; Large colonies, greenish hue

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7
Q

What is the selective, differential media for Vibrio?

A

Thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose (TCBS) agar

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8
Q

What is the appropriate primary isolation media for Vibrio?

A

Cary-Blair media for specimens

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9
Q

What are the symptoms of Vibrio parahaemolyticus most similar to? Is it self-clearing

A

Shigella dysentery; Yes

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10
Q

What does Vibrio cholera cause?

A

Cholera

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11
Q

How many cholera pandemics has the word seen since 1817?

A

7 !!!

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12
Q

In which regions is Vibrio cholera an endemic?

A

India, Bangladesh, Africa, and Philipines

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13
Q

What is the mode of transmission for Vibrio cholera?

A

Contaminated food or water

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14
Q

What is the hallmark symptom of Vibrio cholera?

A

“Rice water” stool

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15
Q

What is responsible for the massive, watery diarrhea characteristic of Vibrio cholera?

A

The CT-protein complex (Cholera toxin)

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16
Q

What is the string test? Which organism is it used to ID?

A

A test to ID Vibrio cholera, using Na-deoxycholate (bile) to lyse bacteria and release DNA that can be pulled up like a string

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17
Q

Which species of Vibrio requires salt for growth?

A

Vibrio parahemolyticus

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18
Q

What is the habitat of Aeromonas?

A

Fresh water and sea water (sink taps, drainpipes, DI H2O taps); Infects fish and reptiles

19
Q

What is the gram stain of Aeromonas hydrophila?

A

Small GNB

20
Q

What is the colony morphology of Aeromonas hydrophila?

A

Beta hemolysis on BAP

21
Q

What is one of the distinguishing factors of Aeromonas hydrophilis?

A

It is DNase positive

22
Q

What is the habitat of Pleisomonas shigelloides?

A

Surface H2O of tropical and subtropical areas; Reptiles and amphibians

23
Q

What is the mode of transmission for Pleisomonas shigelloides?

A

Hand to mouth; eating contaminated shellfish

24
Q

Does Pleisomonas shigelloides produce an enterotoxin?

A

Yes

25
Q

Is Pleisomonas shigelloides rarely or commonly recovered?

A

Rarely

26
Q

What is the colony morphology of Pleisomonas shigelloides?

A

Non hemolytic on BAP

27
Q

What is the gram stain of Pleisomonas shigelloides?

A

Small GNBs

28
Q

What is the habitat of Campylobacter?

A

Worldwide, seen in domestic animals (normal flora in chicken and turkeys)

29
Q

What is the mode of transmission for Campylobacter?

A

Ingestion of raw milk, uncooked poultry, or contaminated water

30
Q

What are the special growth requirements for Campylobacter?

A

41-42C temp and special air requirements (85% N2, 10% CO2, and 5% O2)

31
Q

What is the selective recovery media for Campylobacter?

A

Campy CVA agar

32
Q

What is the hallmark symptom of Campylobacter?

A

Diarrhea with RBCs and WBCs

33
Q

What is the gram stain of Campylobacter jejuni?

A

Gull shaped, cuved or “S” shaped GNBs

34
Q

What is the colony morphology of Campylobacter?

A

Flat, moist, spready

35
Q

What is the distinguishing biochemical test for Campylobacter jejuni?

A

Hippurate hydrolysis positive

36
Q

What is the habitat of Helicobacter pylori?

A

The epithelial cells in stomach, can withstand the pH of the stomach

37
Q

What is the mode of transmission of Helicobacter pylori?

A

Contact with contaminated saliva and fresh ground water

38
Q

What disease does Helicobacter pylori cause?

A

Peptic ulcers, increases risk of cancer

39
Q

How do you recover Helicobacter pylori?

A

Brucella agar

40
Q

What is the colony morphology of Helicobacter pylori?

A

Small, pinpoint colonies

41
Q

What is the gram stain for Helicobacter pylori?

A

Spiral shaped GNB

42
Q

What is the distinguishing biochemical test for Helicobacter pylori?

A

Urease positive; rapid urea positive tests can be done (balloon test and card test)

43
Q

What does a stool antigen test tell you about a patient suspected to have Helicobacter pylori?

A

Whether they have a current infection

44
Q

What does a serum antibody test tell you about a patient suspected to have Helicobacter pylori?

A

Whether they have a current or past infection (cannot differentiate)

MLS Microbiology (15 decks)

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