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MLS Microbiology > Misc body sites (Eye and Body Fluids) > Flashcards

Misc body sites (Eye and Body Fluids) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three syndromes associated with eye infection?

A

Conjunctivitis, bacterial keratitis, bacterial endopthalmitis

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2
Q

Source is usually direct inoculation of exogenous organism from fomites, hands, environment or hematogenous spread

A

Conjunctivitis

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3
Q

Corneal infections include prior ocular disease, contact lens wearers, and topical corticosteroids.

A

Bacterial keratitis

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4
Q

Most serious; from trauma (including surgery) to the eye

A

Bacterial endophthalmitis

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5
Q

What are the specimen types for eye cultures?

A

swab, corneal scrapings, conjunctival scrapings, and vitreous fluid

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6
Q

Potential Pathogens for bacterial endophthalmitis?

A

All isolates should be considered significant

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7
Q

What is common contaminating flora for all eye cultures?

A

Coagulase negative staph
Diphtheroid bacilli
Viridans strep

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8
Q

What is the rule to determine the workup flow for eye cultures?

A

Rule of 3

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9
Q

An oddball organism that is considered on the rise for causes of eye infections?

A

Acanthamoeba sp (parasite)

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10
Q

T or F. Drainages are sterile fluids.

A

False

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11
Q

When is a critical value reported for a body fluid culture?

A

Any time an organism is seen in a gram stain

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12
Q

Of the collection tubes for CSF, which tubes go to micro for testing?

A

2 and 3

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13
Q

What kind of body fluids culture do we use thioglycolate broth for?

A

peritoneal dialysis fluids, bone marrows, and CSF shunt fluid

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14
Q

What method do we use for a direct gram stain of body fluids?

A

CYTOSPIN

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15
Q

T or F? You can refrigerate CSF.

A

False

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16
Q

What plate do we use for culture of Non-CSF fluid, that we don’t use for CSF fluid?

A

MAC

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17
Q

If one organism is observed per oil immersion field, then at least how many organisms are there per mL or specimen?

A

10^5

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18
Q

If you want to submit a body fluid culture in a blood culture bottle, what extra things will you need to do?

A

Ensure anticoagulant is added to the bottles, and submit extra fluid for gram stain

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19
Q

What are the cons of sending body fluids in blood culture bottles?

A

No quantitation, certain organisms require blood to grow, and lab must validate

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20
Q

What are the pros of sending body fluids in blood culture bottles?

A

Bottles w/ additives that neutralize antimicrobials, better recovery using larger inoculum, recommended by ASM, JMC, and numerous studies

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21
Q

What are potential contaminants of non-CSF body fluid culture?

A

Coag negative staph, Diptheroid bacilli, and Viridans strep

22
Q

What rule is followed when working up pathogens from a non-CSF body fluid?

A

Rule of 3; > 3 semiquantitate all and list descriptive IDs

23
Q

Where is CSF found?

A

Around the brain in the subarachnoid space and in the spinal cord

24
Q

Minimizes the passage of infectious agents into CSF.

A

Blood brain barrier

25
Q

Infection in the subarachnoid space

A

Meningitis

26
Q

Many PMNs (neutrophils) in CSF

A

Purulent

27
Q

What kind of infection is purulence indicative of?

A

Bacterial infection

28
Q

Usually viral

Increase in CSF lymphocytes

A

Aseptic

29
Q

What does a low glucose indicate?

A

Infection is present and bacteria are feeding on glucose

30
Q

Potential pathogens of the CSF in neonates and infants?

A

S. agalactiae (Group B Strep), E. coli, and Listeria monocytogenes

31
Q

Potential pathogens of the CSF in children?

A

H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis

32
Q

Potential pathogens of the CSF in young adults?

A

N. meningitidis

33
Q

Potential pathogens of the CSF in adults?

A

S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis

34
Q

Potential pathogens of the CSF in elderly?

A

S. pneumoniae, L. monocytogenes, GNB

35
Q

Potential pathogens of the CSF in AIDS patients?

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

36
Q

Fever
Stiff neck
Change in mental status

A

Symptoms of acute meningitis

37
Q

Increased PMN leukocytes
Decreased glucose in CSF
Increased protein in CSF

A

Findings in bacterial meningitis

38
Q

Often occurs in

patients who are immunocompromised.

A

Chronic meningitis

39
Q

What are the symptoms of chronic meningitis?

A

The same as acute meningitis

40
Q

Increase in lymphocytes
Elevated protein
Decreased glucose

A

Findings in chronic meningitis

41
Q

Inflammation of the peritoneum membrane

A

Peritonitis

42
Q

What patients are particularly susceptible to peritonitis?

A

End stage renal patients

43
Q

What are common agents of peritonitis?

A

Bowel flora/anaerobes, often polymicrobial

44
Q

What other complication may occur along with pericarditis?

A

Myocarditis

45
Q

What is pericarditis usually caused by?

A

Viral agents

46
Q

Inflammation of the joint space

A

Arthritis

47
Q

Common causes of septic arthritis?

A
  • N. gonorrhoeae – most common in young adults
  • Haemophilus influenzae in young children
  • Streptococci
  • Anaerobic bacteria (Bacteroides)
48
Q

When might it be necessary to culture a bone marrow aspiration or biopsy?

A

To diagnose brucellosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, tuberculosis, and leishmaniasis

49
Q

Where is bone marrow aspirated from?

A

Interstitium of the iliac crest

50
Q

What do we collect bone marrow in for culture?

A

Sodium Polyethanol Sulfonate (SPS)

51
Q

What are the potential contaminants of all body fluids?

A

Coag negative Staph, Diptheroid bacilli and Viridans strep

MLS Microbiology (15 decks)

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