Chapter 2 Review

Question 1

The messages neurons carry are nerve impulses called

a. neurotransmitters.
b. action potentials.
c. refractory periods.
d. EEGs.

Answer 1

b. action potentials.

Question 2

Drugs that block the reuptake of dopamine will thereby increase the concentration of dopamine molecules in the

a. axon terminals.
b. synaptic gaps.
c. glial cells.
d. endocrine glands.

Answer 2

b. synaptic gaps.

Question 3

Neurons that enable quarterbacks to throw a football by relaying messages from their central nervous system to their skeletal muscles are called

a. interneurons.
b. sensory neurons.
c. glial cells.
d. motor neurons.

Answer 3

d. motor neurons.

Question 4

The somatic and autonomic nervous systems make up the

a. peripheral nervous system.
b. central nervous system.
c. sympathetic nervous system.
d. autonomic nervous system.

Answer 4

a. peripheral nervous system.

Question 5

The endocrine system consists of

a. myelin sheaths.
b. neural networks.
c. interneurons.
d. glands.

Answer 5

d. glands.

Question 6

The limbic system’s hippocampus

a. coordinates body movement and balance.
b. regulates hunger and thirst.
c. plays a central role in fear and rage.
d. helps process explicit memories for storage.

Answer 6

d. helps process explicit memories for storage.

Question 7

Which portion of the cerebral cortex is most directly involved in making plans and formulating moral judgments?

a. occipital lobes
b. frontal lobes
c. temporal lobes
d. parietal lobes

Answer 7

b. frontal lobes

Question 8

Which part of the brain specializes in receiving information from the skin senses and from the movement of body parts?

a. motor cortex
b. frontal lobes
c. somatosensory cortex
d. association areas

Answer 8

c. somatosensory cortex

Question 9

Which of the following is best for solving new problems?

a. sequential processing
b. parallel processing
c. dual processing
d. blindsight processing

Answer 9

a. sequential processing

Question 10

. An experienced football player’s brain and body respond with skilled accuracy to an oncoming pass before the person becomes consciously aware of the ball’s trajectory. This best illustrates the value of

a. the circadian rhythm.
b. inattentional blindness.
c. REM rebound.
d. a two-track mind.

Answer 10

d. a two-track mind.

Question 11

. REM sleep is also called

a. sleep apnea.
b. paradoxical sleep.
c. narcolepsy.
d. N1 sleep.

Answer 11

b. paradoxical sleep.

Question 12

Bright light inhibits our feelings of sleepiness by influencing the production of

a. melatonin.
b. dopamine.
c. cortisol.
d. leptin.

Answer 12

a. melatonin.

Question 13

Research has demonstrated that sleep helps consolidate memory. This is congruent with

a. the information-processing perspective.
b. the activation-synthesis theory.
c. cognitive development.
d. Freud

’

s view of dreams.

Answer 13

a. the information-processing perspective.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the human brain?

a. The human brain is designed to adapt to our changing world.
b. The human brain is fully developed at birth.
c. The human brain cannot change with experience.
d. The human brain can be divided into six lobes.

Answer 14

a. The human brain is designed to adapt to our changing world.

Question 15

Messages from a cell are sent to other cells via its

a. cell body.
b. dendrite.
c. axon.
d. glial cells.

Answer 15

c. axon.

Question 16

Which of the following would be particularly useful for detecting the brain areas that are most active as a person performs mathematical calculations?

a. an SSRI.
b. enlarged ventricles.
c. a PET scan.

Answer 16

c. a PET scan.

Question 17

Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex?

a. thalamus.
b. amygdala.
c. medulla.
d. cerebellum.

Answer 17

a. thalamus.

Question 18

After hitting her head on the cement pavement, Cassie has difficulty walking in a smooth and coordinated manner. She has probably suffered damage to the part of her brain called the

a. amygdala.
b. hypothalamus.
c. cerebellum.
d. hippocampus.

Answer 18

c. cerebellum.

Question 19

Which of the following is the newest brain structure?

a. brainstem
b. parietal lobe
c. limbic system
d. cerebral cortex

Answer 19

d. cerebral cortex

Question 20

The brain devotes more tissue within the ________ for body areas requiring the most precise movement control, such as the fingers.

a. hippocampus
b. corpus callosum
c. occipital lobes
d. motor cortex

Answer 20

c. occipital lobes

Question 21

A teenager focused on texting while crossing the street is not likely to notice a car rounding the corner and about to cross her path. This best illustrates the unfortunate consequences of

a. hypnagogic sensations.
b. selective attention.
c. circadian rhythms.
d. parallel processing.

Answer 21

b. selective attention.

Question 22

Stanley is awake and alert. What would brain imaging techniques reveal about his current brain activity?

a. They would indicate paradoxical sleep.
b. They would likely detect beta waves.
c. They would pick up hypnagogic sensations.
d. They would detect alpha waves.

Answer 22

b. They would likely detect beta waves.