Weight Management

Question 1

Health Canada reports that approximately __% of Canadian adults are overweight, including __% who are obese.

Answer 1

1) 64% of Canadian adults are overweight

2) 24% of Canadian adults are obese

Question 2

__% of children aged 5-17 are overweight or obese.

Answer 2

30%

Question 3

What are some health risks associated with being underweight? (3)

Answer 3

1) under nutrition
2) osteoporosis
3) infertility

Question 4

What are some health risks associated with being overweight? (4)

Answer 4

1) Cardiovascular disease
2) Type-2 diabetes
3) hypertension
4) some cancers

Question 5

What are the limitations of the Body Mass Index (BMI)?

Answer 5

• Muscular individuals may be incorrectly categorized as overweight or obese
• Does not reliably reflect body fat as it exclusively looks at body weight.
• Not useful for growing children, women who are pregnant or nursing, or the elderly.

Question 6

What health risks are associated with a waist circumference greater that 102 cm/40 inches for men, and 88 cm/35 inches for women?

Answer 6

1) coronary heart disease
2) type 2 diabetes
3) hypertension

Question 7

A wait-to-hip ratio (WHR) greater than __ for men or __ for women is considered a signal of high risk for ______ disease.

Answer 7

1) greater than 1.0 for men
2) greater than 0.85 for women
3) heart disease

Question 8

__ - __% body fat is ideal for men.

Answer 8

7 - 25% body fat

Question 9

__ - __% body fat is ideal for women.

Answer 9

16 - 35% body fat

Question 10

What are the (4) factors that contribute to excess body fat? explain each.

Answer 10

1) Genetic Factors
- genes influence body size and shape, body fat distribution, and metabolic rate

2) Physiological factors
- hormones play a role in the accumulation of body fat

3) Lifestyle Factors
- eating calorie-dense foods
- declining physical activity

4) Psychosocial Factors
- excessive eating as a
coping mechanism

• strongly associated with socioeconomic status (access to quality food and food education)

Question 11

The main function of adipose tissue is?

Answer 11

store energy in the form of fat (lipids)

Question 12

adipose deposits can be found in (3) areas:

Answer 12

1) intraorgan
2) intracellular
3) subcutaneous

Question 13

What are the characteristics of the android body shape? (6)

Answer 13

• excess abdominal fat
• fat tends to be distributed viscerally
• more common in men
• associated with increased risk of CVD
• associated with smoking, alcohol, and lack of exercise
• hard to lose

Question 14

what are the characteristics of the gynoid shape? (5)

Answer 14

• excess hip/femoral fat
• distributed primarily subcutaneously
• more common in women
• associated with fewer health risks
• easier to lose

Question 15

What are the surgical treatments for weight loss?

Answer 15

1) Gastric Bypass Surgery

2) Adjustable Gastric Banding
- reduces size of opening from esophagus to stomach

3) Gastroplasty
- reduces the stomach size

Question 16

What is Anorexia Nervosa?

Answer 16

Failure to eat enough food to maintain a reasonable body weight

Question 17

What are the characteristics of Anorexia Nervosa?

Answer 17

1) intense fear of gaining weight
2) distorted self-image
3) excessive exercise
4) absence of 3+ consecutive menstrual cycles

Question 18

What are the health risks associated with Anorexia Nervosa? (5)

Answer 18

1) poor blood circulation
2) low blood pressure and heart rate
3) hair loss
4) dry skin
5) depression and suicide

Question 19

What is Bulimia Nervosa?

Answer 19

an eating disorder characterized by binge eating and purging (vomiting).

Question 20

What are the health risks associated with Bulimia Nervosa? (5)

Answer 20

1) erodes tooth enamel
2) deficient calorie intake
3) liver and kidney damage
4) cardiac arrhythmia
5) chronic hoarseness

Question 21

What is Binge eating disorder?

Answer 21

excessive eating

Question 22

What is borderline Disordered Eating?

Answer 22

have some symptoms of eating disorders but do not meet full diagnostic criteria for eating disorder

Question 23

What characterizes the Female Athlete Triad?

Answer 23

1) Amenorrhea
2) Disordered Eating
3) Osteoporosis (stress fractures)

Question 24

__ - __% of young female athletes are eating disordered.

Answer 24

22 - 34%