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AT Course_NE > Test 4 - Cartridges and Projectiles > Flashcards

Test 4 - Cartridges and Projectiles Flashcards

1
Q

How is Separate Ammunition loaded into a BL weapon?

A
  • The Proj and charge bags are loaded into the chamber of the gun
  • The Breech is closed to provide obturation
  • A Tube or Primer is inserted into the Breech.
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2
Q

9 Types of Carrier Projectiles:

A
  • Flare
  • Radar Echo
  • Incendiary
  • Illumination
  • Smoke
  • Sub Projectiles/munitions
  • Conventional Anti Personnel
  • Propaganda
  • Chemical
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3
Q

4 Methods of operation for carrier shells:

A
  • Bursting
  • Base Ejection
  • Nose Ejection (generally Anti-Pers)
  • Base Emission
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4
Q

What are the three types of Ammunition for Guns?

A
  • Fixed
  • Semi-Fixed
  • Separate
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5
Q

** Explain how Rocket Assisted Projectile (RAP) works?

A
  • Rocket cap removed prior to loading
  • On Firing propellant gases ignite delay composition - 7 sec delay
  • Delay ignites rocket igniter and main rocket motor propellant
  • Booster phase - 2 secs, sustain - 7 secs
  • Propellant gases released through venturi
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6
Q

Define Exploder system:

A

Components used for transmitting the impulse from the fuze or booster to the HE filling.

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7
Q

Define Supplementary Charge:

A

A cylindrical aluminium container, (filled with TNT/Comp B) which is used to fill the cavity below the fuze in deep cavity projectiles. it is removed when some proximity fuzes are fitted to the proj.

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8
Q

3 Main benefits of supplementry charges? NES

A

N - No explosive migration
E - Ease of Removal
S - Setback movement eliminated

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9
Q

What are the four types of charge bags?

A
  • Stem and Ring
  • Stem and Segment
  • Unequal
  • Equal
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10
Q

What are the requirements of a Cart Case? PEPA

A
  • Protection of contents
  • Easy Loading and extraction
  • Provide efficient obturation
  • Able to house a primer
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11
Q

Types of Gun Systems?

A
  • Breech Loading (BL)

- Quick Firing (QF)

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12
Q

Components of both BL and QF systems:

A 
BL:
- Tubes/Primers
- Bagged Charge
- Projectile
QF:
- CC with Primer
- Propelling Charge (can be bags)
- Projectile
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13
Q

Requirements/Design Considerations for Chargebags?

A
  • Non Smoulder
  • Non Stretch
  • Non Wear
  • Be insect, vermin and rot proof
  • Be entirely consumed on firing
  • Be Permeable to the flash from the tube
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14
Q

How many QF systems are there? name and describe them?

A

3:

  • Fixed:
    • Proj and CC joined together
    • Loaded as one unit
    • Rammed as one unit
    • charge not adjustable
  • Semi-Fixed:
    • Proj and CC packed together
    • Mated togehter and loaded as one unit
    • Projectiled rammed by CC
    • Adjustable charge
  • Separate:
    • Proj and CC packed separately
    • Loaded as two units
    • Proj is rammed before CC is loaded
    • Adjustable Charge
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15
Q

Advantages of QF Separate/Semi-Fixed over QF Fixed?

A
  • Adjustable Charge
  • Can replace damaged CC
  • Less stowage problems due to the reduced length
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16
Q

7 Types of Charges?

A 
F - Fractional
I - Incremental
R - Reduce
D - De-coppering
B - Blank
S - Super
N - Normal
17
Q

Advantages of CCC?

A

L - Less fumes
A - Ammo weight is less
N - No spent CC to be collected or extracted
N - No Cluttering at the gun sites
E - Easier to adjust charge
E - Everything loaded into the chamber plays some part in ballistics
R - Reduced Barrel Wear

18
Q

Components of Projectile Picute:

A
  • Lip
  • Fuze Hole
  • Ogive
  • Band Bourrelet
  • Band
  • Wall
  • Governing Section
  • Driving Band
  • Shoulder
  • Baseplate
  • Head
  • Body
  • Base
19
Q

How many HE Filling techniques and what are they?

A

4:

  • Casting
  • Pressing
  • Extruding
  • Pre-forming/cocooning
20
Q

How many types of Corrosion and what are they?

CRAZM

A 
5
C - Cupric Azide Contamination
R - Rust (ferrous oxide)
A - Aluminium Oxidation
Z - Zine Exudation / 'Free Copper'
M - MAZAK Contamination
21
Q

Reasons why Brass is used to manufacture CCs?

A
  • Performs well in most equipment
  • Metallurgy and techniques are well known
  • Does not corrode to give hard abrasive particles
22
Q

3 methods used to attach projectiles to Cart Cases?

A
  • Coning
  • Canneluring
  • Coning & Canneluring
23
Q

5 Uses for Copper regarding Ammo:

A
  • Driving Bands
  • Detonators
  • Shaped charge liners
  • CC
  • SAA Jackets
24
Q

Why are driving bands required?

A
  • To centre projectile in bore and impart spin in rifling
  • To prevent the forward escape of propellant gases (obturation)
  • To prevent slip back of the projectile when loaded at high elevations
25
Q

2 Methods of preventing twisting of Driving Bands?

A
  • Knurling

- Wavy Rib

26
Q

3 Classifications of Tracers?

A
  • Tracer Projectile
  • Tracer and Igniter Projectile
  • Integral Tracer
27
Q

What is the Method of Sealing Tracers?

A
  • Brass or Celluloid discs or cups
  • Sealing methods vary considerably
  • NG and Carbamite
  • Bakelite discs
28
Q

2 Main types of plastics used for Ammo and Why?

A
  • Thermoplastic:
    • Softened on heating, and reharden on cooling allow
      reshaping.
    • Qty of reshaping is restricted.
  • Thermosetting plastic:
    • Acid Insoluble and incapable of being softened by
      heat.
    • Higher physical properties than steel but lighter.
29
Q

4 Natural Fibres:

A
  • Silk
  • Rubber
  • Cellulose
  • Wool
30
Q

How many Projectile Classifications and what are they?

A

3:

  • Operational Projectiles
  • Weapon Functioning / Inspection
  • Training Projectiles
31
Q

4 Methods of HE shell manufacture?

A
  • Normally steel
  • Cast
  • Forged
  • Extruded
32
Q

6 Factors Affecting HE Shell Design?

A
  • Ballistic performance
  • TGT Effect
  • Strength to withstand firing stresses
  • Safe handling, transportation and storage
  • User requirements
  • Economy in manufacture
33
Q

4 Methods of Manufacturing HE Shells?

A
  • Cast
  • Normally steel
  • Forged
  • Extruded
34
Q

Components of a Projectile (picture)

A

Picture

35
Q

2 Types of RCL design and a description?

A
  • Solid CC with bow out rear disc
    • Primer located to rear side of CC
    • Only loaded one way to ensure firing pin and primer are aligned
    • On firing propellant charge initiated
    • pressure builds, disc ruptures, projectiles propelled forward
    • propellant gases ecape through the breech hole and out through venturi.
  • Perforated CC system
    • Sheath surrounding propellant
    • Annular space
    • Propellant gases to escape through holes in CC, into annular space, out through venturi.
36
Q

2 Types of Primers and componets?

A
  • Percussion
    • BMCAP. Body, Magazine, Cap, Anvil, Plug
  • Electric: BW and CC
    • Bridge Wire:
      • BMCM. Body, Magazine, Contact piece, Bridge
    • Conducting Cap:
      • BMCP. Base, Magazine, Cap, Pole Unit
37
Q

2 Purposes of tracers:

A
  • Emit light

- Self destruct

38
Q

Ratio for Brass CC?

A

70/30 Cu/Zn

39
Q

6 Requirements of a Driving Band:

A
  • No excessive pressure on the shell or barrel
  • Cater for change in bore diameter (wear)
  • Remain firmly attached to the proj
  • Must not alter the ballistic shape of the proj
  • Cause no excessive friction or bore wear
  • Simple to make and fit

AT Course_NE (23 decks)

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