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Key Topic 1: The Governance And Administration of the Empire > Coercion: Boer War > Flashcards

Coercion: Boer War Flashcards

1
Q

What was the Boer War fought to protect?

A

Protect investors interests (gold and diamond mining)- government acting in interest of finance

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2
Q

Who was influencing the British government in 1897?

A

Chamberlain

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3
Q

When was Alfred Milner, a passionate imperialist, sent to South Africa to become high commissioner?

A

May 1897

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4
Q

Who went to South Africa in May 1897 to become high commissioner?

A

Alfred Milner, a passionate imperialist

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5
Q

What role did Alfred Milner acquire in May 1897?

A

High commissioner in Southern Africa

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6
Q

What did Milner say to a friend regarding the Boers?

A

‘Teach those bloody Boers a lesson’

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7
Q

Who said they wanted to ‘Teach those bloody Boers a lesson’?

A

Milner

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8
Q

How did Milner view the gold-rich Transvaal?

A

Perhaps assisted by Germany of France was a threat to British rule

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9
Q

Who did Milner view as a threat to Britain?

A

Gold-rich Transvaal, who we’re perhaps being helped by Germany or France

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10
Q

Why did Milner want the Uitlanders to have the chance vote?

A

Uitlander dominated Transvaal would naturally slip into the British empire
He could go to war with the popular slogan of ‘right to vote in a territory under British suzerainty’

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11
Q

What happened on the 31st of May 1899?

A

Conference in Bloemfontein

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12
Q

When was the Conference in Bloemfontein?

A

31st of May 1899

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13
Q

What happened in the Conference in Bloemfontein (31st of May 1899)?

A

Stern, president of the orange Free state invited Milner and Kruger

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14
Q

What did Milner demand in the Conference in Bloemfontein (31st of May 1899)?

A

Passing of the bill that would give Uitlanders the chance to vote, which Kruger rejected

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15
Q

What happened on the 5th of June 1899?

A

Milner walked out of the Conference in Bloemfontein

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16
Q

What happened in September 1899?

A

Chamberlain sent an ultimatum demanding full equality for British citizens in Transvaal and now began brining in additional troops from India

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17
Q

When had Chamberlain sent an ultimatum demanding full equality for British citizens in Transvaal and now began brining in additional troops from India?

A

September 1899

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18
Q

How many men did the Boers have in the field?

A

Fewer than 60,000 men

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19
Q

Who could put together less than 60,000 men?

A

Boers

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20
Q

What happened in November 1900?

A

Kitchener became overall commander and lieutenant-general

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21
Q

When did Kitchener become overall commander and lieutenant-general?

A

November 1900

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22
Q

Who became overall commander and lieutenant-general in November 1900?

A

Kitchener

23
Q

Who did Kitchener succeeded in November 1900?

A

Roberts

24
Q

By January 1900, how many men were sent abroad?

A

180,00 men

25
Q

What was the name of the better general bought in early 1900?

A

Lord Roberts
Lord Kitchener
(450,000 British troops)

26
Q

By mid 1900, what had British forces relieved?

A

Ladysmith (February)
Kimberly (February)
Mafeking (May)

27
Q

What was relieved in February 1900?

A

Ladysmith

Kimberly

28
Q

When was Ladysmith relieved?

A

February 1900

29
Q

When was Kimberly (an area) relieved?

A

February 1900

30
Q

What area was relieved by the British in May 1900?

A

Mafeking

31
Q

When was Mafeking relieved?

A

May 1900

32
Q

Who returned home a hero?

A

Roberts

33
Q

What happened after the relief of Ladysmith, Kimberly and Mafeking?

A

Boer generals continued to fight a guerrilla war which dragged on for two years. Their tactics were to strike fast and hard against British forces, raiding outposts, ambushing columns and cutting railway lines (hoped hat Afrikaners of Cape Colony would rise in rebellion and that the British would get tired of war)

34
Q

What is the scorched earth policy?

A

Burning farms
Destroying crops
Rounding up animals
Poisoning the wells of the enemy

35
Q

What strategy did Kitchener adopt?

A

Three fold policy

36
Q

What was Kitcheners three fold policy?

A

Scorched earth policy

Concentration camps

37
Q

Why was there a continuation of the scorched earth policy?

A

Deprive the Guerrillas of food and shelter

38
Q

What did Kitchener do to the Boer territory?

A

Sectioned them off with barbed wire

39
Q

Why did Kitchener section the Boer area off with barbed wire?

A

Making it difficult for Boers to raid

40
Q

How many fortified blockhouses were built?

A

Around 8,000, each housing 6 to 8 soldiers

41
Q

How many Boer Women and children died in the war?

A

28,000, as a result of concentration camp conditions

42
Q

Why did 28,000 Boer Women and children die?

A

Concentration camps and the poor conditions of them

43
Q

How many black Africans died in the concentration camps?

A

12,000 black Africans

44
Q

Why did 12,000 black Africans die?

A

Poor conditions of the concentration camps

45
Q

Between June 1901 and May 1902, of the 115,000 people in the campaign , how many died?

A

28,000 died (22,00o of them were children )

46
Q

What did Milner write in 1901?

A

Regarding the children dying in concentration camps ‘The strong ones must be dying now they will all be dead by the spring of 1903’

47
Q

Who said, Regarding the children dying in concentration camps ‘The strong ones must be dying now they will all be dead by the spring of 1903’?

A

Milner

48
Q

What were the conditions of the concentration camps?

A

Horrific

49
Q

How many British soldiers died in battle?

A

8,000

50
Q

How many British soldiers in total died?

A

22,000

51
Q

How many Boer soldiers died?

A

7000

52
Q

How many British troops were required for the war?

A

450,000

53
Q

How much did it cost the British to kill a single Boer combatant?

A

£140

54
Q

What act cost the British government £140 each?

A

To kill a single Boer combatant

Key Topic 1: The Governance And Administration of the Empire (38 decks)

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