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WSET Level 4 Wine Diploma > D3 Bordeaux > Flashcards

D3 Bordeaux Flashcards

1
Q

Bordeaux Climate?

A

Moderate Maritime Climate

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2
Q

Bordeaux Rivers?

A

Garrone and Dordogne, forming the Gironde Estuary

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3
Q

Other Bordeaux Features?

A

Landes Forest to the West, pine forest giving partial cover on Left Bank from Atlantic winds and rain

High Vintage Variation due to variable rainfall throughout the year

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4
Q

Bordeaux Soils?

A

Left Bank is stony and gravelly, sometimes mixed with clay and sand

Top estates of Left Bank planted on ‘croupes’ (gravel mounds)

Pomerol - very shallow soils (1m)

Right Bank has more clay, hence why Merlot is more frequently planted, though some of the best wines come from Limestone plateau

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5
Q

Merlot?

A

Early-budding and mid-ripening

Most commonly planted Right Bank and Northerly part of Medoc

Can reach higher sugar levels than Cabernet

Medium to pronounced intensity

Medium to high alcohol

Medium tannins

Red fruit and black fruit depending on weather

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6
Q

Single vs Double Guyot?

A

Single more common in the Right Bank

Double more common in the Left Bank

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7
Q

Treatment for Esca?

A

Soft Pruning - small incisions wherever possible, to encourage sap at injury site and not leave open wounds

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8
Q

Medoc Appellations North to South?

A 
Medoc
St. Estephe
Pauillac
Haut-Medoc
Saint-Julien
Listrac-Medoc
Moulis
Margaux
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9
Q

Medoc & Haut-Medoc AOC?

A

Red wine only

Haut Medoc more gravel and hence more Cabernet

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10
Q

Saint-Estephe AOC?

A

Coolest and most northerly of the communes, hence more Merlot

Greater proportion of clay is helpful in hotter and drier years

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11
Q

Pauillac AOC?

A

Highest proportion of cru classé wines

Considered the most structured

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12
Q

Saint-Julien AOC?

A

Considered mid-point between Pauillac’s structure and Margaux’s finesse

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13
Q

Margaux AOC?

A

Most Southerly, so marginally warmer and earlier ripening, so does best comparatively in wet and cold years

Perfumed wines with silky tannins

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14
Q

Listrac-Medoc & Moulis AOC?

A

Less gravel

Further away from rivers so less moderation

Wines are generally younger and of lesser (good to very good) quality

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15
Q

Medoc First Growths?

A

Pauillac: 3x

Margaux: 1x

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16
Q

Left Bank First Growths?

A

Pauillac: Chateau Lafite Rothschild; Chateau Mouton Rothschild; Chateau Latour

Margaux: Chateau Margaux

Graves: Chateau Haut-Brion

17
Q

Graves AOC?

A

Red and White grown - 85% red; acceptable to good

18
Q

Graves-Superieures AOC

A

Late-picked and botrytised grapes only, giving higher yield sweet wines than Sauternes

19
Q

Pessac-Leognan AOC?

A

Gravel soils and moderating effect of Garonne

80% White 20% Red

Whites often complex and oaked

Very good to Outstanding

20
Q

Entre-deux-Mers AOC?

A

White only - Red grown here, but labelled as Bordeaux (Superieur)

Acceptable to good with light intensity

21
Q

Saint-Emilion vs Saint-Emilion Grand Cru?

A

Maximum Yield SE 53 hL/ha; SEGC 46 hL/ha

Minimum Maturation SE 6 months; SEGC 20 months

22
Q

Key Structural Difference Left Bank vs Right Bank?

A

Lower alcohol, as less alcohol-providing Merlot

23
Q

Pomerol AOC?

A

Maximum yield 49 hL/ha

24
Q

Cotes de Bordeaux AOC?

A

Red or White

Lower yield if a commune

25
Q

Cotes de Bourg AOC?

A

Similar to Medoc, with emphasis on Merlot and Malbec

26
Q

Sauternes & Barsac AOC?

A

80% Semillon plantings, rest mostly Sauvignon Blanc with small amount of Muscadelle

Cold Ciron River meets warmer Garonne river, producing morning mists helpful in developing noble rot

Barsac can be labelled as Sauternes if desired

Maximum yields 25 hL/ha

27
Q

1855 Classification?

A

Cru Classé wines of the Medoc, about a quarter of production

28
Q

Saint-Emilion Classification?

A

Revised roughly every 10 years

Premier Grand Cru A
Premier Grand Cru B
Grand Cru Classé
Grand Cru

Some consider Grand Cru being the entry level as misleading

29
Q

Cru Bourgeois?

A

Granted for 5 years

Medoc a step below Cru Classé

Awarded to individual wines, not Chateaux

Cru Bourgeois
Cru Bourgeois Superieur
Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnel

30
Q

Pomerol Classification?

A

Doesn’t have one

31
Q

La Place de Bordeaux?

A

Distribution marketplace/model

Effectively brokers (Courtiers) connect producers to Negociants, who then sell onto wholesalers, importers etc.

Negociants manage about 70% of all wine produced and take about 15% of the sale price

32
Q

En Primeur?

A

Wine is bought before it’s even finished maturation and blending - Wine Futures on prospective wines, effectively

Released in tranches of escalating prices - first tends to be trade and journalists, with consumers tapping in later

Declining in popularity, though still commercially useful for smaller, less liquid operations

WSET Level 4 Wine Diploma (21 decks)

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