Muscles 2

Question 1

4 Paired Muscles of Mastication

Answer 1

Masseter, Temporalis, Medial pterygoid, Lateral pterygoid (innervate: Trigeminal!)

Question 2

Mastication Muscles: action

Answer 2

depression, elevation, protrusion, retraction, lateral deviation

Question 3

Masseter Muscle

Answer 3

Strongest. anterior to parotid; *elevates mandible to close mouth

Question 4

Masseter Pathology

Answer 4

bruxism, hypertrophy

Question 5

Temporalis Muscle

Answer 5

fan-like attachment filling temporal fossae; * entire muscle elevates mandible to close mouth, posterior part of muscle contracting retracts the mandible

Question 6

Medial Pterygoid

Answer 6

internal. runs up and down, deep head + superficial head- both insert at ramus + angle; *elevates/closes mandible

Question 7

Medial Pterygoid: Deep Head origin

Answer 7

lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

Question 8

Medial Pterygoid: Superficial Head origin

Answer 8

process of palatine bone + maxillary tuberosity

Question 9

Lateral Pterygoid

Answer 9

external. infratemporal fossae; *depresses mandible, opens jaw (only muscle responsible for this!) *when both muscles contract = protrusion, when 1 side contracts = lateral deviation)

Question 10

Lateral Pterygoid: Superior Head

Answer 10

greater sphenoid wing > TMJ

Question 11

Lateral Pterygoid: Inferior Head

Answer 11

lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid > anterior condyle of mandible

Question 12

Hyoid Muscles: Supra

Answer 12

Digastric, Mylohyoid, Stylohyoid, Geniohyoid

Question 13

Hyoid Muscles: Infra

Answer 13

Sternothyroid, Sternohyoid, Omohyoid, Thryrohyoid

Question 14

Digastric Muscle

Answer 14

[supra] two bellies: anterior/posterior (makes an “L”) *pulls back jaw

Question 15

Mylohyoid Muscle

Answer 15

[supra] lateral. *forms floor of mouth, elevates tongue and hyoid bone

Question 16

Stylohyoid Muscle

Answer 16

[supra] from stylohyoid process to hyoid bone. *elevates hyoid

Question 17

Geniohyoid Muscle

Answer 17

[supra] floor of mouth, genial tuberacles to hyoid. *elevates hyoid bone

Question 18

Sternothyroid Muscle

Answer 18

[infra] sternum to thyroid cartilage. *depresses thyroid cartilage and larynx

Question 19

Sternohyoid Muscle

Answer 19

[infra] sternum to body of hyoid. *

Question 20

Omohyoid Muscle

Answer 20

[infra] two bellies: inferior - from scapula to superior belly. superior - inserts on body of hyoid

Question 21

Thyrohyoid Muscle

Answer 21

[infra] thyroid cartilage to hyoid greater cornu. *depresses hyoid, raises thyroid cartilage/larynx

Question 22

Intrinsic Tongue Muscles

Answer 22

superior longitudinal + inferior longitudinal =shape, shorten, thicken. // transverse + vertical = lengthen, narrow

Question 23

Extrinsic Tongue Muscles

Answer 23

genioglossus, styloglossus, hyoglossus

Question 24

Genioglossus

Answer 24

*protrudes the tongue

Question 25

Styloglossus

Answer 25

*retracts the tongue

Question 26

Hyoglossus

Answer 26

*depresses the tongue

Question 27

Pharynx Muscles

Answer 27

stylopharyngeus, pharyngeal, constrictor, soft palate muscles

Question 28

Muscles of Soft Palate

Answer 28

palatoglossus, palatopharyngeal, levator veli palatini, tensor veli panatini, uvula muscle