9.5. Travel Related Infection - Schistosomiasis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 organisms responsible for Schistosomiasis?

A
  1. S. Haematobium
  2. S. Mansoni
  3. S. Japonicum
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2
Q

What are the 2 types of Schistosomiasis?

A
  1. Hepatic / Intestinal

2. Urinary

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3
Q

Where are cases of Schistosomiasis located?

A

In the central belt of the world:

  1. South America
  2. Africa
  3. South Asia
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4
Q

What is the life cycle of Schistosomiasis, in the water?

A
  1. In the water, eggs hatch of the causative organism, releasing Miracidia
  2. Miracidia penetrate the Snail Tissue, and form Sporocysts in the Snail
  3. Cercaria (containing organism) is released by the snail - this has a tail and is free swimming
  4. This penetrates the Skin,
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5
Q

What is the life cycle of Schistosomiasis, in the human?

A
  1. After penetrating the Skin, where the tail is lost, forming a Schistosomulae
  2. The Schistosomulae circulate and migrate to the Hepatic Portal Blood System
  3. Paired worms migrate and lay eggs in the Bowel / Bladder
  4. Urine travels to the Water
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6
Q

What are the clinical features of Schistosomiasis, in the first few hours?

A

Swimmers Itch

Note - this clears after 24-48 hours

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7
Q

What are the clinical features of Schistosomiasis, in the invasive stage?

A
  1. Cough
  2. Abdominal Discomfort
  3. Splenomegally
  4. Eosinophilia
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8
Q

As a result of Schistosomiasis, what can develop after 15-20 days?

A

Katayama Fever

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9
Q

What is the clinical features of Katayama Fever?

A
  1. Fever
  2. Urticaria
  3. Lymphadenopathy
  4. Splenomegally
  5. Diarrhoea
  6. Eosinophilia
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10
Q

As a result of Schistosomiasis, what can develop after 6-8 weeks?

A

Acute Disease

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11
Q

What are the clinical features of Acute Schistosomiasis?

A

Eggs are deposited in the bowel (causing Dysentery) or the bladder (causing Haematuria)

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12
Q

How is Schistosomiasis diagnosed?

A
  1. Clinical
  2. Antibody Test
  3. Ova in stools and Urine
  4. Rectal Snip
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13
Q

What is the treatment for Schistosomiasis?

A
  1. Praziquantel

2. Prednisolone (if severe)

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