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MDOC 1513 > Session 4: Social problems and issues > Flashcards

Session 4: Social problems and issues Flashcards

1
Q

What is a social problem?

A

Something that has been labelled as undesirable by an individual or group of people.

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2
Q

Discuss the nature of DRUG addiction and its patterns of use.

A
  • Euphoric effect.
  • Artificial feeling of wellbeing and contentment.
  • Body resistance
  • Tolerable, consequently increase in dosage=same effect.
  • Physiological & psychological dependence.
  • Withdrawal=p&p reactions.
  • Severity > type, quantity & duration of use.
  • May result in death.
  • Uniform progression of usage.
  • Sequential and cumulative.
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3
Q

What are the 7 causes of DRUG abuse and addiction?

A
  1. Peer groups
  2. The school environment
  3. The work environment
  4. Role changes
  5. Family networks, interaction & home environment
  6. Events of life
  7. Personality
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4
Q

Discuss peer groups as a cause of drug abuse.

A
  • Subgroup
  • Behaviour manifestation
  • Drugs readily available
  • Experimenting
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5
Q

Discuss the school environment as a cause of drug abuse.

A
  • Formal and impersonal
  • Constant evaluation and pressures
  • Drugs = coping mechanism
  • Addiction
  • Poor past school grades
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6
Q

Discuss the work environment as a cause for drug abuse.

A
  • Tension, anxiety, stress, frustration

- Drugs readily available,e.g health worker in a hospital

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7
Q

Discuss family networks, interaction & home environment as a cause of drug use.

A
  • Substance-abusing parents=family problems.
  • One generational abuse= teenager reports emotional
    stress
  • Poor parent-child attachment
  • Poor home support
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8
Q

Discuss role change as a cause of drug addiction.

A
  • Difficulty to perform towards expectations
  • Role pressures
  • Difficulty in coping with new roles
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9
Q

Discuss events of life as a cause for drug abuse.

A
  • Negative life events

- Lack of support

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10
Q

Discuss personality as a cause of drug abuse.

A
  • Introversion

- Need for recognition

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11
Q

What is the nature of alcohol addiction and patterns of alcohol use?

A
  • Signs: drowsiness, lack of conc. & slow thinking
  • Over-drinking
  • Disengagement of social interactions personally and non-personally
  • Large amounts consumed
  • Tolerance; smaller amounts = loss of motor coordination.
  • Continued use
  • Women > older alcoholics + preceding disruptive life events
  • Men> recreational
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12
Q

What are the 8 causes of ALCOHOL abuse?

A
  1. Stress and events of life
  2. Size of the family
  3. Ambivalence about drinking
  4. Availability of alcoholic beverages
  5. Norms
  6. Family experience
  7. Powerlessness
  8. Social change
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13
Q

Discuss norms as a cause for alcohol abuse.

A
  • Influence of friends

- Unclarified norms

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14
Q

Discuss family experiences as a cause for alcohol abuse.

A
  • Parents act as models for their children

- Lack of family cohesion= relapse

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15
Q

Discuss social change as a cause for alcohol abuse.

A
  • Increase in stress
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16
Q

Discuss the availability of alcoholic beverages as a cause of alcohol abuse.

A
  • High availability

- Low alcohol beverages

17
Q

Discuss powerlessness as a cause for alcohol abuse.

A
  • False confidence is gained
18
Q

Discuss ambivalence about drinking as a cause for alcohol abuse.

A
  • Disagreements between parents about alcohol usage

- Increased tension & frustration

19
Q

Discuss stress and events of life as a cause of alcohol abuse.

A
  • PMS
  • Undesirable life events
  • Financial, academic & family stress
20
Q

Discuss the size of the family as a cause for alcohol abuse.

A
  • Youngest most subject
  • Fighting for attention
  • Confusion bc of role models’ different ideologies
21
Q

What are the 7 consequences and effects of substance abuse and addiction?

A
  1. Physical health
  2. Psychological wellbeing
  3. Interpersonal relationships
  4. Cognitive abilities
  5. Motor coordination
  6. Economic and future prospects
  7. Role expectations and general behaviour
22
Q

Discuss the effect of alcohol on physical health.

A
  • Malnutrition
  • Infection = more illnesses
  • Anaemia
  • Difficulty to perform daily tasks
  • Degenerative effect
  • Vitamin B complex
  • Needles
  • Cirrhosis (liver)
  • Brain ages prematurely
  • Neutralises medicinal effect
  • Overdose
  • FAS (foetal alcohol syndrome) * brain damage
  • Withdrawal symptoms of baby
23
Q

Name the 5 effects of alcohol on psychological wellbeing.

A
  1. Stress and anxiety
  2. Depression
  3. Suicide
  4. Personality and behavioral changes
  5. Aggression, compulsivity, bad manners, phobias
24
Q

Discuss the effect of alcohol on interpersonal relationships.

A
  • Withdrawal from relationships
  • Cannot juggle substances and familial relationships
  • Addiction concealing
  • Relationships with other substance users are developed
  • Difficulty to live up to family’s expectations
  • Conflict and suicide
25
Q

Discuss the effect of alcohol on cognitive abilities.

A
  • Memory impairment & problem-solving skills

- Negative effect on academics and decision-making

26
Q

Discuss the effect of alcohol on motor coordination.

A
  • Impaired critical alertness

- Increased risk of self-injury & injury of others

27
Q

Discuss the effect of alcohol on economic and future prospects.

A
  • Difficulty to keep a job/ expulsion

- Psychological, emotional & economic consequences

28
Q

Discuss the effect of alcohol on role expectations and general behavior.

A
  • Aggression and moodiness
  • Disinterest in personal hygiene
  • Withdrawal from interaction
  • Neglecting of parental & marital roles
  • Mugging & stealing
  • Prostitution
  • Fleeing from home
29
Q

What is the doctor’s 5 roles in dealing with addiction and substance abuse?

A
  1. Addiction is a disease: doctor gives medical input in treating the patient
  2. Diagnosis is given
  3. Aware of treatment options available, e.g in-patient/outpatient @ rehab, AND is familiar with admission procedures
  4. Must be careful not to substitute one substance with another addictive substance
  5. Should be able to co-work with other disciplinaries, e.g social workers, spiritual leaders & psychologists
30
Q

What is stigmatisation?

A

Any condition, feature, or characteristic that individuals regard as culturally unacceptable or inferior.

31
Q

What is the difference between discrediting and discreditable stigma?

A

Discrediting stigma:

  • Clearly visible disfigurement or disability.
  • Impression management
  • Covering

Discreditable stigma:

  • Undesired difference isn’t visible
  • Hiding of attribute is possible
  • Information management
  • Passing(hiding) and withdrawal(withdrawal from social interactions)
32
Q

Give a full example of discrediting stigma.

A
  • A person with an amputated limb (legs) and is in a wheelchair will use a blanket to cover up.
  • The person will try to engage in normal social activities and cope on an impression management basis in order to lower the chances of being humiliated.
33
Q

Give a full example of discreditable stigma.

A
  • A person with a mental illness, where hiding the characteristic is highly possible.
  • Cope on an information management basis
  • Only limited people know about the stigma.
  • Passing (hides trait) and withdrawal (withdraws from social contacts to avoid “being exposed”).
34
Q

What is the difference between enacted and felt stigma?

A

Enacted stigma:

  • Discrimination & prejudice as a result of a specific condition
  • Examples: albinism; epilepsy

Felt stigma:

  • Fear of enacted stigma/discrimination & prejudice
  • Examples: managing certain conditions in avoidance of discrimination
35
Q

What are the social consequences of stigmatisation?

[Labeling Approach]

A
  • People are identified as deviant
  • Health workers have control over health status; can label people as sickly(physically+mentally)
  • Social statuses change how others treat us and how we treat ourselves
  • Social expectation of an individual to conform to stereotype(label)
  • Labels become self-fulfilling
  • Person must deal with medical+social consequences of the disease
  • diminishes willingness to seek medical + social help

MDOC 1513 (10 decks)

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