9.9.24 - Cannulation Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is cannulation?
a process by which which a small plastic tube is inserted into a peripheral vessel through a needle puncture, for the safe administration of medication.
what percentage of patients will receive medication through a cannula during a hospital stay?
70%
what are the 4 main points surrounding consent?
- Does the patient have capacity?
- Is the consent informed?
- Has the consent been freely obtained?
- Is the consent obtained appropriate for the procedure?
what are the 3 types of consent?
written, implied, informed/verbal
which procedure could implied consent be used for?
Pelvis x-ray
which procedure could written consent be used for?
Invasive cardiac angioplasty
which procedure could informed/verbal consent be used for?
peripheral cannulation insertion
what gauge is a violet canula and what may it be used for?
26
Elderly and neonates
What gauge is a yellow canula and what may it be used for?
24
Very fragile veins, Elderly and pediatric patients
what Gauge is a blue canula and what may it be used for?
22
Chemo infusions, contrast,
what gauge is a pink canula and what may it be used for?
20
Multi-purpose IV for medications and hydration
What gauge is a green canula, and what may it be used for?
18
blood transfusions, large volume infusions (eg high pressure contrast injection)
What gauge is a grey canula and what may it be used for?
16
Trauma, surgery, large volume infusion
what gauge is an orange canula and what may it be used for?
14
massive trauma
what are the layers of a vein?
Tunica Adventia
Tunica media
- outer longitudinal muscle
- external elastic layer
- Inner longitudinal muscle
Internal elastic layer
Tunica Intima
- epithelial linings
- valves
what are the layers of the skin?
Epidermis
Dermis
subcutaneous tissues - veins within
What makes a good vein?
- soft
- No pulse
- Bouncy
- Well supported
- Not lumpy
- Straight
What makes a bad vein?
- Hard vessel
- Has a pulse (means its an artery or too close to an artery)
- solid
- Wobbly
- Lumpy
- Meandering/wiggly
What is ANTT?
Aseptic Non-Touch Technique (ANTT)
This framework provides a standard for safe and effective aseptic practice, which can be applied to all clinical procedures.
What is the definition of a sharp?
Sharps are defined as Objects or instruments necessary for the exercise of specific healthcare activities, which are able to cut, prick or cause injury/infection
what would you do if you had a needle stick injury?
+ Let the wound bleed
+ Run it underwater for at least 5 minutes
+ Dress the wound appropriately
+ Report to line manager immediately
+ Datix then self-refer to OH
+ carry out blood tests on the patient
How to avoid and manage an extravasation?
- Always flush the cannula after the patient’s arm is in the required position.
- Record details of the extravasation incident with a clear management plan.
- Elevate the affected limb and applycold packs to the affected area
- If symptoms resolve the patient can be allowed home, with advice and advice leaflet.
- If symptoms don’t resolve quickly, admit and observe.
- Skin blistering, paraesthesia, altered tissue perfusion or persistent pain for more than four hours suggests severe injury. In this case seek urgent plastic surgical review
What to do with a mild reaction?
Reassure the patient
Symptoms usually pass within minutes
What to do with a moderate reaction?
If you observe hives on the patient, giving the patient an oral antihistamine may be necessary. Call the radiology registrar to review the patient. Keep in the department for observation until the hives settle.
