Nutrition

Question 1

What are the 6 nutrients?

Answer 1

Water
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Minerals
Vitamens

Question 2

What are the functions of Water?

Answer 2

essential for chemical reactions
digestion and transportation of nutrients
temperature regulation

Question 3

What are the functions of Carbohydrates?

Answer 3

Ex:sugars, starches, fibre
Energy supply
Fight or flight

Question 4

What are the types of fibre?

Answer 4

Soluble: digestible in monogastric stomach
Insoluble: Cannot be digested

Question 5

What are the purposes of fibre?

Answer 5

Bulk up meals
increase water content of injesta
Helps constipation
bulks up stool
decreases calories in food

Question 6

What are the purposes of proteins?

Answer 6

Regulate metabolism
Form cell membranes
Muscle growth
Tissue Repair
Enzyme and hormone production

Question 7

What are essential proteins?

Answer 7

Body of that species cannot produce on its own

Ex Taurine in cats

Question 8

What are the purposes of lipids?

Answer 8

Energy, digestion, metabolism

texture and palatability to food

Question 9

What are minerals?

Answer 9

Inorganic compounds
Macro-need larger amounts
micro-need smaller amounts

Question 10

What are some examples of Macro-Minerals

Answer 10

NaCl, K, Phosphorus, Ca (1:1) , Mg, Sulpur

Question 11

What are some examples of Micro-minerals?

Answer 11

Iron, Nickel, Fluoride, Silicon, Arsenic

Question 12

What are the 2 types of vitamins?

Answer 12

Water soluble: B,C

Fat soluble: A, D, E, K

Question 13

What are the main points of Canine Nutrition?

Answer 13

Omnivores, scavengers and predators
puppies feed 3-4 times a day,
adults 2-3 times a day

Question 14

What are the main points of Feline Nutrition?

Answer 14

Higher protein, lower carb
Continual Protein Catabolism
Graze
Multiple small meals

Question 15

What is Continual Protein Catabolism?

Answer 15

Body continuously needs protein

Need to graze

Question 16

Describe the different life stages of food

Answer 16

Development (puppy/kitten): proper Calcium for bone growth
Adult/Maintenance: maintain optimal weight and performance
Senior: easily digested protein, lower phosphorus levels

Question 17

How long should dogs be feed puppy food?

Answer 17

Large breed puppies until 12-24 months depending on size

No younger than 5-6 weeks

Question 18

Describe Obesity Food

Answer 18

Lower calorie
Higher fibre
possibly higher protein in cat

Question 19

What are some causes of obesity?

Answer 19

Overfeeding
Low activity
Intact vs fixed
Medical Condition
Age

Question 20

How do you assess body condition? (BCS)

Answer 20

Is there a tuck in abdomen?
Run fingers on rib cage
5=perfect score
9=obese
1=emaciated

Question 21

What factors determine an animal’s energy requirements?

Answer 21

Age,
Genetics
Breed
Sexual status

Question 22

How do Food allergies/intolerances appear in cats and dogs?

Answer 22

Dogs: skin sometimes GI
Cats:mostly GI sometimes skin

Question 23

What are some treatment options for Food allergies?

Answer 23

Novel protein source

Hydrolized protein

Question 24

What are the 3 Types of diet choices?

Answer 24

Commercial:anything bought
Homemade
Veterinary:specialized prescription

Question 25

What are the percentage rules and what do they have o display?

Answer 25

The percentage content of protein, fat, fibre and water

Question 26

What is the nutritional adequacy statement?

Answer 26

AAFCO
Feeding Directions
Calorie Content (kcal) per cup