A-1-A-3

Question 1

Define ABA

Answer 1

A science based on the use of learning principles to improve socially important behavior.

Question 2

Define Science

Answer 2

An organized approach for collecting knowledge and understanding about the natural world.

Question 3

What are the 3 levels of scientific understanding?

Answer 3

Description, Prediction, Control

Question 4

Description

Answer 4

Facts that are observed from systemically observed events. #facts

Question 5

Prediction

Answer 5

AKA Correlation. When repeat observations show that there is a consistent relationship between the occurrence of 2 events.

Question 6

Control

Answer 6

Highest level of scientific understanding. A functional relation is established when science confirms what has been predicted; an experimental demonstration that manipulating 1 event (IV) results in change in another event (DV), and this change can only be attributable to the independent variable.

Question 7

Name the Philosophical Assumptions

Answer 7

Acronym: DEERPS. Determinism, empiricism, parsimony, pragmatism, selectionism, experimentation, replication, philosophical doubt.

Question 8

Determinism

Answer 8

The world is orderly, predictable, and lawful place, where everything is cause and effect. If/then conditions.

Question 9

Empiricism

Answer 9

The act of objective observation and measurement. Hint= empiricism= evidence=data=facts

Question 10

Parsimony

Answer 10

Reliance on the simplest theory requiring the fewest assumptions before considering more complex explanations, you must rule out simple explanations.

Question 11

Pragmatism

Answer 11

A practical approach to problems in which truth is found in the process of verification.

Question 12

Selectionism

Answer 12

The scientific belief that anything that evolves does so due to the consequences of behavior.

Question 13

Experimentation

Answer 13

Basic strategy of most sciences. Controlled comparison of the DV under 2 or more conditions (IVs).

Question 14

Replication

Answer 14

Repeating experiments (1 experiment has value but its not enough).

Question 15

Philosophical doubt

Answer 15

Question the truth. Having healthy skepticism about the results of studies/work with clients. #bullshitdetector #skeptical

Question 16

What are the 7 dimensions of ABA?

Answer 16

Behavioral, Applied, Technological, Conceptually Systematic, Analytic, Generality, Effective.

Question 17

Behavioral

Answer 17

Target the bx in need of improvement, bx must be measurable, including bx analytic language (not mentalistic).

Question 18

Applied

Answer 18

Improves socially significant bxs in real world settings. Helps significant others (parents, peers, etc) behave more positively towards the client.

Question 19

Technological

Answer 19

Direct and precisely replicable procedures. Procedures need to be defined clearly and in detail so they are replicable and have a shot of generating the same results.

Question 20

Conceptually systematic

Answer 20

All ABA procedures should be derived from the basic principles of bx analysis (punishment, extinction, reinforcement).

Question 21

Analytic AKA (functional relation, control, causation, experimentation)

Answer 21

A functional relationship is demonstrated when the manipulated events (IVs) produce a reliable change in any measurable dimension of the targeted behavior and an experimenter can control the occurrence and non-occurrence of the target bx.

Question 22

Generality

Answer 22

Any bx change that persists across time, across other settings, behaviors, and across other people.

Question 23

Effective

Answer 23

Practical improvement- ABA technologies should improve behavior enough that it makes a socially significant difference in the person’s life.

Question 24

Mentalism

Answer 24

Explains bx through assumptions about the existence of an inner and mental dimension as the cause of bx.

Question 25

Name the three terms under the mentalism umbrella.

Answer 25

1. Hypothetical construct 2. explanatory fiction 3. circular reasoning

Question 26

Hypothetical construct

Answer 26

a presumed, but unobserved, process ex: self-esteem, intelligence as causes of bx, can't be observed or manipulated.

Question 27

Explanatory fiction

Answer 27

A mythical explanation for a behavior that is another name for the observed behavior. Attributing an unobservable process to behavior (ex: knowing, wanting, figuring out, understanding)

Question 28

Circular reasoning

Answer 28

Key ingredient in mentalistic thinking. Linear bx.. think A-B-C.

Question 29

Name the 4 branches of bx analysis.

Answer 29

Acronym: PEAR. Professional Practice Guided by the Science of BX Analysis, EAB, ABA, Radical Behaviorism.

Question 30

Professional Practice Guided by the Science of BX Analysis

Answer 30

Many individuals in various fields of work (not only BCBAs) implementing ABA within their professions. Ex: Education, sports, psych, animal training, health.

Question 31

EAB

Answer 31

Skinner. Research on basic processes and principles and conducted mainly in labs. Controlled settings. Human and nonhuman subjects.

Question 32

ABA

Answer 32

Applied research. Behavior analysts that assess, monitor, analyze, revise, and communicate the effects of their work. Creates behavior change tactics.

Question 33

Radical Behaviorism

Answer 33

Examines the philosophical, theoretical, historical, and methodological issues within the science of behavior. Not mentalistic.

Question 34

Ivan Pavlov

Answer 34

Classical conditioning and respondent conditioning (with dogs).

Question 35

John Watson

Answer 35

Methodological behavorism: only looks at publicly observable events; not concerned with private events.

Question 36

Skinner

Answer 36

Radical behaviorism: includes private events into the understanding of bx.

Question 37

How did Skinner come up with radical behaviorism?

Answer 37

Based it on 1. Darwinism Selectionism (selection by consequences) and Ontogeny vs. Phylogeny and 2. Pragmatism. Page 19 in Manual.