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Sequence 1 > A&E 1 Midterm > Flashcards

A&E 1 Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

prebycusis

A

high frequency hearing loss

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2
Q

young old

A

65- 74 y/o

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3
Q

middle old

A

75- 84 y/o

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4
Q

advanced old

A

85-99 y/o

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5
Q

elite old

A

100+ y/o

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6
Q

iatragenesis

A

any illness that occurs because of medical care

i.e. invasive procedures, increased length of stay, nosicomal infections

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7
Q

fragility

A

stage of age- related physiological vulnerability resulting from impaired homeostatic reserve and a reduced capacity of the organism to withstand stress

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8
Q

geriatric cascade

A

phenomenon of rapid decline resulting from frailty, acute illness, and stress of institutional care (acute hopsitalization)

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9
Q

nursing diagnosis

A

clinical judgement about indivdual, family or community responses to actual or potential health problems or life processes that the nurse is licensed to treat

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10
Q

the nursing process

A

ADPIE

asses, diagnose, plan, implement, evaluate

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11
Q

assessment

A

cluster data or defining characteristics to support nursing diagnosis
prevention begins with assessment

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12
Q

planning

A
  • establish priorities
  • anticipate and sequence nursing interventions
  • identify short and long term outcomes
  • think critically so that plan of care integrates all patient information
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13
Q

implementation

A

carry out the plan

can be nurse initialed, dependent, independent, physical initiated, interdependent, or collaborative

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14
Q

evaluation

A

discharge? modify plan? continue?

if outcomes are met, client goals are met

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15
Q

when does discharge planning start?

A

as soon as the patient enters the healthcare system

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16
Q

geriatric syndrome

A

unique features of common health conditions in older people that do not fit into discrete disease categories.
i.e. falls, delirium, incontience, frailty

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17
Q

intrinsic/ non modifiable risk factors of falls

A

older age, history of falls, gait impairment, balance disorders

orthostatic or postural hypotension, depression, muscle weakness, chronic conditions such as dementia, arthritis, parkinson’s

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18
Q

extrinsic/ environmental/ modifiable risk factors of falls

A

polypharmacy, loose carpets, use of canes or wheelchairs, inadequate lighting, footwear, certain restraints

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19
Q

katz index of daily living

A

assess functional status as a measurement of the client’s ability to perform activities of daily living independently

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20
Q

fulmer SPICES

A 
S-sleep disorders
P-problems eating or feeding
I-incontenice
C-confusion
E-evidence of falls
S- skin breakdown
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21
Q

purpose of fulmer SPICES

A

to obtain information necessary to prevent health alterations in older adult patient

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22
Q

Hendrick II fall risk model

A

to identify those at risk for falling

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23
Q

latent failure

A

arising from decisions that affect organizational policies, procedures, and allocation of resources. hidden under the systems of the hospital such as understaffing and equipment

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24
Q

active failure

A

direct contact with the patient

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25
organizaitonal system failure
indirect failures related to management, organizational culture, protocols, transfer of knowledge, and external factors
26
technical failure
indirect failure of facilities or external resources
27
pressure ulcer
localized injury to the skin and underlying tissue usually over a bony prominence as result of pressure or pressure in combination with shear
28
elements of cause of pressure ulcer
pressure duration pressure intensity tissue tolerance pressure is the major element in the cause of pressure ulcer
29
risk factors for pressure ulcers
``` impaired sensory preception impaired mobility alteration in LOC shear and friction moisture/ maceration decreased general health history of healed pressure ulcers uses of braces, collars, oxygen tubes etc ```
30
stage 1
defined area of redness or discoloration
31
stage 2
partial loss of skin thickness involving epidermis and or dermis, abrasion, blister, shallow crater break of skin, no eschar, tunneling or underming
32
stage 3
FULL THICKNESS SKIN LOSS involving damage or necrosis of subcutaneous tissues and might extend through fat layer and under facia. deep crater
33
stage 4
FULL thickness skin loss, down to muscle and bone | underming and tracts associated with stage 4 ulcers
34
unstageable
FULL thickness tissue loss in which actual depth of the ulcer is completely obscured by slough (yellow, tan, gray, green or brown) and/or eschar (tan, brown or black) in the wound bed.
35
deep tissue injury
skin not broken | not stage 1 because dark color
36
incontenince associated dermatitis
exposure to urine or stool diffuse, in skin folds not necrotic pain and itchy
37
granulation tissue
healthy beefy pink; intermediate step in FULL thickness loss does not mature into epithelial
38
serous
clear, water plasma
39
purulent
thick, yellow, green, tan or brown
40
sero-sanuinous
pale, read, watery; mixture of clear and watery fluid
41
sanguinous
bright red
42
interpretation of braden scale
low score, the higher the risk
43
nutrition and pressure ulcers
serum albumin and pre-albumin | assess for significant weight loss
44
nutrition intervention
hight protein, vitamin rich diet
45
pharmokenetics
how medications are absorbed, distributed, metabolized into cells, tissues, organs and how they are excreted
46
factors that affect absorption
route of admission, ability to dissolve, blood flow to site o administration, lipid solubility of medication
47
distribution depends on
circulation, membrane permeability, protein binding
48
biotransformation
turning drug into noneffective state
49
theraputic effect
expected or predictable
50
side effect
unintended, secondary effect
51
allergic reaction
unpredictable response
52
adverse effect
sever response to medication
53
idosyncratic reaction
over or under reaction to medication;; reaction specific to the individual
54
toxic effect
medication accumulates in the blood stream
55
standing or routine order
administered until dosage is changed or another medication is prescribed
56
PRN
given when client needs
57
stat
given immediately
58
single- one time
one time for specific reason
59
an order
drug, amount, route, frequency, purpose
60
3 D's
Dementia Delirium Depression
61
Atelectasis
Collapse of alveoli
62
Negative nitrogen balance
When a patient is immobile, the body excretes more N than ingested (protein)
63
Hypostatic pneumonia
Inflammation of the lung from stasis or pooling of secretion
64
Orthostatic hypotension
An increase in HR of more than 15% and a drop in 15 mmHg or more in systolic BP OR a drop in diastolic BP when a patient changes from supine to standing
65
Serous
Clear watery plasma
66
Purulent
Thick, yellow, green, tan or brown
67
Serosangineous
Pink, pale, watery | MIXTURE OF CLEAR AND RED FLUID
68
Sanguinous
Bright red fluid- indicates active bleeding
69
Biological half life
Time it takes for excretion process to lower the amount of unchanged medication by half
70
Parenteral medication
Non oral administration, but pass through skin and mucous membrane For example: IM, IV, Subcutaneous
71
6 rights of medication
1. Right medication 2. Right dose 3. Right patient 4. Right route 5. Right time 6. Right documentation

Sequence 1 (21 decks)

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