A & P chpt 3 vocab 2

Question 1

diffusion in which a carrier molecule transports a substance across a cell membrane from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

Answer 1

facilitated diffusion

Question 2

solution with the same osmotic pressure as the solution with which it is compared - usually body fluids

Answer 2

isotonic

Question 3

solution with a greater osmotic pressure than the solution with which it is compared (usually body fluids)

Answer 3

hypertonic

Question 4

solution with a lower osmotic pressure than the solution with which it is compared (usually body fluids)

Answer 4

hypotonic

Question 5

movement of material througha membrane as a result of hydrostatic pressure

Answer 5

filteration

Question 6

process that requires energy and a carrier molecule to move a substance across a cell membrane, usually against the concentration gradient

Answer 6

active transport

Question 7

process by which a cell membrane envelopes a substance and drraws it into the cell in a vesicle.

Answer 7

endocytosis

Question 8

process by which a cell engulfs droplets of fluid from its surroundings

Answer 8

pinocytosis

Question 9

the process in which a cell engulfs and digests solids

Answer 9

phagocytosis

Question 10

selective uptakeof molecules into a cell by binding to a specific receptor.

Answer 10

receptor mediated endocytosis

Question 11

transport of a substance out of a cell in a membrane bounded vesicle

Answer 11

exocytosis

Question 12

combination of receptor mediated endocytosis and exocytosis that moves particles through a cell

Answer 12

transcytosis

Question 13

life of a cell cycle - growth, DNA, growth, & mitosis division

Answer 13

cell cycle

Question 14

period between two cell divisions when a cell metabolizes and prepares for division

Answer 14

interphase

Question 15

division of a somatic cell, forming two genetically identical cells

Answer 15

mitosis

Question 16

stage of mitosiswhen chromosomes become visible when stained and viewed under a microscope

Answer 16

prophase

Question 17

stage in mitosis when chromosomes align in the middle of a cell

Answer 17

metaphase

Question 18

stage in mitosis when replicated chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles of the cell

Answer 18

anaphase

Question 19

stage in mitosis when newly formed cells separate

Answer 19

telophase

Question 20

tissue mass formed when cells lose division control

Answer 20

tumor

Question 21

gene that normally controls cell division but when overexpressed leads to cancer

Answer 21

oncogenes

Question 22

a gene that encodes a protein that ordinarily inhabits cell division

Answer 22

tumor suppressor genes

Question 23

cell specialization

Answer 23

differentiation

Question 24

undifferentiated cells that can divide to yield two daughter stem cellsor a stem cell and a progenitor cell

Answer 24

stem cell

Question 25

the ability of a cell to differentiate into any type of cell. only a fertilzed ovum is totipotent

Answer 25

totipotent

Question 26

cell able to differentiate to yield several specialized cell types

Answer 26

pluripotent