A's Flashcards
(31 cards)
Absolute Approach to Poverty
An assumption that a certain amount of goods and services is essential to an individual’s or family’s welfare; those who do not have this minimum amount are viewed as poor.
Absolute confidentiality
Confidentiality in which disclosures made to the professional are not shared with anyone else, except when authorized by the client or required by law.
Accountability
The process of evaluating the effectiveness of service programs.
Acid rain
Created when sulfur and nitrogen oxides in emissions from automobiles and industrial plants combine with moisture in the air to form sulfuric and nitric acids.
Activist
A worker who seeks institutional change; often the objective involves a shift in power and resources to a disadvantaged group.
Ad hoc committee
A group, such as a task force, set up for one purpose and usually ceases functioning after completion of its task.
Administration
Work that involved directing the overall program of a social service agency.
Adoption and Safe Families Act (ASFA)
A law passed in 1997 that reaffirmed the need to forge linkages between the child welfare system and other systems of support for families, and stresses that the child’s health and safety shall be the paramount concern in determining what is reasonable and consistent with the plan for timely, permanent placement of a child.
Advocate
A worker who seeks to empower a client or a citizens’ group through securing a beneficial change in one or more institutional policies; in the school setting, a person who understands and is not intimidated by large complicated systems and can help a family or child face the institutional bureaucracy or deal with other social systems.
Affirmative action programs
Programs that provide preferential hiring and admission requirements for minority applicants.
Afforadable Care Act
This act, passed in 2010, moves the United States closer to affordable health care.
Afrocentric perspective
Recognizes that African Americans have retained, to some degree, a number of elements of African life and values.
Ageism
Discrimination and prejudice against people simply because they are old.
AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndome)
A contagious, presently incurable disease that destroys the body’s immune system; caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
AIDS-dementia complex
Deterioration of the brain caused by AIDS.
Alienation
Worker alienation is the sense of meaningless and powerlessness that people experience when interacting with social institutions they consider oppressive and beyond their control.
Alzheimer’s disease
A degenerative brain disorder that causes gradual deterioration in intelligence, memory, awareness, and ability to control bodily functions.
American’s with Disabilities Act
An act passed in 1990 that prohibited discrimination against people with a disability either in hiring or by limiting access to public accommodations.
Amniocentesis
A genetic screening procedure in which a hollow needle is inserted through the abdominal wall and uterus of a pregnant female to obtain amniotic fluid for the determination of chromosomal abnormality. It is a test for prenatal detection of Down syndrome, other chromosome defects, and some metabolic disorders.
Androgyny
A concept in which men and women can be flexible in their role playing and in expressing themselves as human beings rather in traditional feminine or masculine ways.
Anger rapist
A rapist who performs his act to discharge feelings of pent-up anger and rage; uses far more force than is necessary to gain sexual access to his victim because his aim is to hurt and debase his victim.
Angio-conformity
A perspective that assumes the desirability of maintaining modified English institutions, language, and culture as the dominant standard in American life.
Anomie theory
A theory that views criminal behavior as resulting when an individual is prevented from achieving high-status goals in a society.
Anorexia nervosa
A disorder characterized by the relentless pursuit of thinness through voluntary starvation.
