A- unity and diversity Flashcards
only all the long questions (22 cards)
What is the viscosity of water compared to air?
Higher viscosity than air
Why is water’s high specific heat capacity significant?
Takes more energy to heat up than land; more stable throughout different seasons
What property of water helps animals float?
Buoyancy
What does thermal conductivity in water do?
Takes away the heat from animals
What is the basic structure of nucleotides in DNA and RNA?
Pentose sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group
In what direction is DNA replicated?
From 5’ to 3’
What are the two types of nitrogenous bases?
Purines and Pyrimidines
Which bases pair together in DNA?
A to T/U and C to G
What sugar is found in DNA?
Deoxyribose
What sugar is found in RNA?
Ribose
What are nucleosomes composed of?
DNA wrapped around histones
What is the role of RNA in the origin of life?
Acted as both genetic material and enzyme
What are the main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic: no nucleus; Eukaryotic: contains a nucleus
What is endosymbiosis?
Eukaryotic organisms evolved from prokaryotic cells that remained in host cells
What is a key piece of evidence for endosymbiosis?
Similar size as prokaryotic organisms and circular naked DNA
What occurs during the lytic cycle of virus replication?
Host cell lyses, releasing new viral particles
What is the molecular clock concept in evolution?
Assumes changes in DNA/mutations happen at the same rate to predict species divergence
What is selective breeding?
Changes after repeatedly selecting the same characteristics
What are homologous structures?
Structures that have the same basic bone structure but different functions
What is convergent evolution?
Similar features evolve separately due to similar selective pressures
Fill in the blank: RNA can self-assemble and has the ability to _______ other RNA molecules.
duplicate
True or False: Eukaryotic cells undergo binary fission.
False
