A0S4: SKILL ACQUISITION Flashcards

1
Q

Are skills typically acquired or innate?

A

Skills are usually acquired or learned, as opposed to being natural or innate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What the the FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF A SKILLED PERFORMER?

A
  1. Consistency
  2. Movement
  3. Decision Making
  4. Focus
  5. Time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe BASIC SKILLS

A

Basic Skills are:

EASY TO MASTER
known as FUNDAMENTAL MOTOR SKILLS (FMS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe COMPLEX SKILLS

A

Complex Skills are:

HARD TO MASTER
REQUIRE LOTS OF PRACTISE TO MASTER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Provide an example of a BASIC SKILL and COMPLEX SKILL

A

Basic Skill: SHORT INSTEP PASS

Complex Skill: SCISSOR KICK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are FUNDAMENTAL MOTOR SKILLS?

A

FMS are basic elements of a particular movement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In FMS, the WHOLE SKILL is called a __________ and the smaller parts of the skill are called __________

A

MOTOR PROGRAM

SUBROUTINES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Provide an example of a MOTOR PROGRAM and its SUBROUTINES

A

Motor Program: Tennis Serve

Subroutines: Ball Toss, Striking the Ball, Follow Through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is an OPEN SKILL?

A

An Open Skill is a skill that occurs in an unpredictable environment. The performance depends on factors outside the performers’ control.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a CLOSED SKILL?

A

A Closed Skill is a skill that occurs in a predicable environment. The performance depends on factors inside the performers’ control.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is an INTERNAL SKILL?

A

An Internal Skill (or INTERNALLY PACED SKILL) is a skill that is executed at a rate that is controlled by the performer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is an EXTERNAL SKILL?

A

An EXTERNAL SKILL (or EXTERNALLY PACED SKILL) is a skill that is executed at a rate that is not controlled by the performer.

THE ENVIRONMENT affects the rate the skill is performed at (weather, opposition players, pressure, etc).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are GROSS and FINE MOTOR SKILLS?

A

GROSS MOTOR SKILLS are skills that involve the USE OF LARGE MUSCLE GROUPS (such as KICKING and JUMPING)

FINE MOTOR SKILLS are skills that involve the use of SMALL MUSCLE GROUPS (such as DARTS and SKEET-SHOOTING)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a DISCRETE SKILL?

A

A Discrete Skill is a skill that HAS A DEFINITE BEGINNING AND END, such as a PENALTY KICK or TENNIS SERVE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a CONTINUOUS SKILL?

A

A Continuous Skill is a skill that has NO DEFINITE BEGINNING OR END such as RUNNING, CYCLING or SWIMMING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a SERIAL SKILL?

A

A Serial Skill is a skill that is a COMBINATION OF SKILLS strung together to create a NEW SKILL, such as TRIPLE JUMP or a CRICKET BOWL

17
Q

What are the FOUR PHASES OF THE LEARNING PROCESS?

A
  1. PERCEIVING
  2. DECIDING
  3. ACTING
  4. FEEDBACK
18
Q

Describe the PERCEIVING phase of the LEARNING PROCESS?

A

ALSO KNOWN AS INPUT

the perceiving phase is when INFORMATION (from CUES) ARRIVE AT THE BRAIN

CUES can be both INTERNAL and EXTERNAL

INTERNAL CUES are known as PROPRIOCEPTION, which controls BALANCE and MOVEMENT

EXTERNAL CUES are known as ENVIRONMENTAL CUES and are received from senses such as TOUCH, SIGHT and HEARING

19
Q

Describe the DECIDING phase of the LEARNING PROCESS

A

During the Deciding Phase, the brain PROCESSES the INFORMATION and DECIDES THE APPROPRIATE PHYSICAL RESPONSE

20
Q

What is SIGNAL DETECTION?

A

SIGNAL DETECTION is ABILITY TO DETECT AND RESPOND TO CUES.

can be IMPROVED THROUGH TRAINING

there are factors which affect signal detection including LENGTH OF TIME THE CUE IS PRESENT, INTENSITY OF THE CUE and EYESIGHT OF THE PERFORMER

21
Q

What is SELECTIVE ATTENTION?

A

Selective Attention is the ABILITY TO FOCUS ON AND IGNORE CERTAIN CUES

22
Q

Describe the ACTING phase of the LEARNING PROCESS.

A

ALSO KNOWN AS OUTPUT

During the Acting Phase, the NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEM GUIDES THE PERFORMER in ACTING THE DESIRED MOVEMENT.

23
Q

What is RESPONSE TIME?

A

Response Time is the time taken between PERCEIVING (INPUT) and ACTING (OUTPUT).

The response time of a skilled performer is RELATIVELY QUICK compared to an unskilled performer