A101.5 Fireground Operations Flashcards by LaRon Ward

A concept that is described in this Standard Operating Guideline is the ______________ , which occurs when a structure fire’s growth is limited by the available oxygen

ventilation- controlled fire state

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The First Priority for scene operations

Life Safety

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________ refers to those activities and operations necessary to ensure emergency personnel life safety as well as civilian life safety

Life safety

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Fire extinguishment, evacuation of occupants and the search for and rescue of trapped and threatened civilians are integral components of the

life safety priority

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The Second Priority

Incident Stabilization

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____________ refers to those activities and operations necessary to bring an incident under manageable control

Incident Stabilization

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_____________ referstothose activities and operations aimed at reducing property and environmental damage

Property Conservation

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_____________ refers to strategies to return public and private sector functions to normal levels.

Societal Restoration

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__________ the entire interior of a typical single-family dwelling. However, in a multi-family, commercial, or high-rise structure, this area may only be a portion or a floor of the structure

inside Division

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The tactical functions of fire attack, Inside Truck Work, backup lines, overhaul, and secondary search are performed in this area.

Inside Division

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The initial tactical assignment of Forcible Entry, Horizontal Ventilation, Primary Search, Checking for Fire Extension, and Salvage.

Inside Truck Work

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Staging of resources responding to an initial alarm that have not yet been given an assignment by SOG or Command.

Level 1 Staging

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Engines should stage at hydrants close to the scene and all other apparatus should stage in a location that provides the maximum of possible tactical options regarding access and potential positioning.

Level 1 Staging

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A centralized staging location used for staging resources at multiple alarm incidents

Level 2 Staging

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The tactical functions of Outside Truck Work, exposure protection, water supply, RIC, and defensive operations readiness are performed in this area.

Outside Division

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The fireground tactics of Laddering, Horizontal and Vertical Ventilation, Additional Forcible Entry, Utility Control, and Salvage. Any Company may be assigned Outside Truck Work.

Outside Truck Work

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An Intervention designed to mitigate against the physical, physiological, and emotional stress of fire fighting in order to sustain a members’ energy, improve performance, and decrease the likelihood of on-scene injury death

Rehab

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To place an apparatus at a designated location, perform any needed activities associated with standing by at that location and maintain a state of readiness until an assignment is received

Stage

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A fundamental focus on firefighter safety must _________________.

permeate all strategies and the tactic of occupant evacuation must always remain a viable option to address life safety.

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All multiple alarm incidents shall have a _____________ as the Incident Commander.

Chief Officer

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is the rapid mental evaluation of factors that affect an incident

Size-up

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Size-up is a continuous process of evaluating current conditions by

all on scene Officers.

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The Incident Commander uses size-up information to

select a strategy , determine tactics, and formulate the Incident Action Plan (IAP)

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The preferred method of sizing-up an emergency scene is to perform

a “hot lap.”

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is an exterior reconnaissance of the structure, performed while using a TIC, with the main goal of locating the fire, giving the Officer a 360 view of the incident.

A hot Lap

A ________ of a structure fire will allow the Officer to size-up the fire location and size, smoke conditions, building size and layout, possible victim location, as well as other relevant information.

hot lap

When attempting to determine the fire location, the Officer should

read the smoke conditions to identify the seat of the fire, especially if no flames are showing.

When attempting to determine the fire location, the Officer should

read the smoke conditions to identify the seat of the fire, especially if no flames are showing.

the Officer should consider the ventilation method to be utilized and what

flow paths will be created by the opening of doors and/or windows

Size-up should address the following 3 basic questions:

What do I have? Where is it going? What can I do to control it?

Initial Radio Report – the report given by the first arriving Officer on a scene.

Assume Command on assigned Tactical Channel Building Description (stories , construction , occupancy ,roof) Fire / Smoke Conditions Strategy(Investigation,Offensive,Defensive) Tactical assignment and actions being taken (hoseline deployment with intent, etc.) Conducting a 360 When needed, assignments for other companies (if not covered by or different than SOG assignment)

Follow Up Radio Report: the report given after a 360-degree is done

360 complete/ not complete Additions or corrections to size up from initial radio report Actions/directions if different from initial radio report

Entry Report: the report given before making entry on a fire

a. Entry location b. Heat conditions (evaluated with a TIC) c. Smoke/visibility conditions d. Two-In / Two-Out compliance (or reason for not)

If the decision is made to place a firefighter in a ventilation-controlled environment due to an imminent threat to life, the firefighter must

close an interior door to prevent the creation of a flow path from the fire toward the firefighters' entry point.

On the occasion that an Engine is assigned an aerial apparatus tactical function, the Engine should

position near but not blocking the scene so that their tank water can be utilized if needed.

___________ will be used to assign the appropriate tactics and establish a command structure

mode of operation

___________ will be used to assign the appropriate tactics and establish a command structure

mode of operation

A _________ before interior entry can significantly reduce the risk to firefighters and any potential victims.

blitz attack

A _________ before interior entry can significantly reduce the risk to firefighters and any potential victims.

blitz attack

he main reason for the second pumping apparatus responding directly to the scene is to

position the backup team early in the incident for firefighter Safety.

The secondary reason the second engine responds to the scene is to

set up as a dedicated RIC Engine

The second pumping apparatus operator’s primary responsibility is to

ensure an adequate water supply to the first pumping apparatus and the dedicated RIC Engine

_________ are conducted when the risk/benefit analysis indicates that unacceptable risks to firefighters would result from offensive operations.

Defensive Operations

___________ are primarily characterized by exterior activities to confine and extinguish the fire, which are not necessarily passive but are designed to minimize risk to personnel

defensive operations

depending on circumstances, certain tactics used in the defensive mode may require

entry into the structure such as VEIS and cut-off line placement

Defensive strategies should focus on personnel __________________.

safety and incident stabilization.

Consideration for positioning apparatus outside of the collapse zone should be conducted before

LDH lines are laid and charged.

Defensive mode: The second pumping apparatus should respond to the scene and prepare to

establish a large flow water supply

The first Captain on scene of a defensive fire attack will ensure that the primary tactical functions of ______________.

exposure protection and water supply are assigned

Achieving the necessary ________ is a high priority at a defensive fire

fire flow

The Company Officer must always be accountable for the location of all

assigned firefighters

Tactical/Task Benchmarks: The companies and teams must provide information to the Officer issuing the assignment that should be

i.Assumption or acknowledgment of assignment ii. Completion of assignment iii. Inability to complete assignment iv. Any significant delay in completing assignment v. The need for more resources to complete an assignment.

Command Benchmarks:

Life Safety (Firefighter) Life Safety (Civilian) Incident Stabilization Property Conservation

Command Benchmarks: Life Safety (Firefighter)

Outside Team Established Entry Size-Up Backup Team Established RIC Team Established Safety Officer Assigned

Command Benchmarks: Life Safety (Civilian)

Primary Search Complete Secondary Search Complete

Command Benchmarks: Incident Stabilization

Fire Knocked Down Fire Under Control Fire Extinguished

initial fire stream is applied to the main body of fire significantly reducing the flame and heat production

Fire Knocked Down

When the forward progress of the fire is stopped, no additional units will be required and there is no imminent danger to firefighters.

Fire Under Control

When overhaul / extension search has confirmed that all fire is extinguished

Fire Extinguished

Command Benchmarks: Property Conservation

Salvage Complete

When property damage from the fire and/or fire control activities is complete and loss is stopped

Salvage Complete

Tactical Assignments Option 1:

Resources arriving on scene of a structure fire incident assume assignments as directed by SOG based on the structure type and strategy declared by Command (Investigation, Offensive, or Defensive).

Tactical Assignments Option 2:

Resources arriving on scene of a structure fire incident assume assignments as directed by SOG based on the structure type and strategy declared by Command (Investigation, Offensive, or Defensive). However, Command may modify or change some of the SOG assignments based on the needs of the specific incident as long as the deviations are justifiable and communicated.

Tactical Assignments Option 3:

if Command determines that due to the response plan, response times, incident circumstances, etc., that the SOG assignments are not the appropriate assignments for the incident, Command may direct incoming units to Level 1 Stage. The first pumping apparatus, the first aerial apparatus or Rescue unit and the first Chief Officer should still proceed to the scene. All other responding units should Level 1 Stage as directed by Command until given an assignment. .

Whenever possible and timely , initial fire attack should be made on the fire from the

exterior, followed by entry for an interior attack.

Hose line selection should be adequate for the particular strategy and tactic employed. For a hose line to be considered adequate, it must have

the length and flow capabilities that are required

The primary goal of the blitz attack is to

hold the fire in check so that an interior attack can be made under more tenable conditions.

The primary goal of the blitz attack is to

hold the fire in check so that an interior attack can be made under more tenable conditions.

Another application of the ______________ involves ricocheting a solid or straight stream of water off an object (wall, ceiling and furnishings) onto the seat of the fire or superheated area above a fire

direct attack

An advantage of the ___________ is the lessened property damage from excessive water and the preservation of the scene for investigative purposes.

indirect fog attack

Inside Truck Work

Forcible Entry Horizontal Ventilation Primary Search Check for Fire Extension Salvage

Outside Truck Work

Laddering the Building Vertical Ventilation Additional Forcible Entry Additional Horizontal Ventilation Utility Control Salvage

The Officer of the backup team should determine if the hose line should be charged prior to ___________

entry or after advancement to the desired location within the structure.

As long as the _________ personnel are in place, the backup team may position inside the IDLH atmosphere, if this will best protect firefighters

outside team

Protection of the ____________ should be a high priority, especially when search teams are above the fire floor without a hose line.

interior stairways

Fire Flow =

the area involved (length x width) divided by three, multiplied by the number of involved floors. For each exposure, add 25%

At structure fires ,if the fire is quickly knocked down by one fire attack hose line and the backup team is in place outside the IDLH atmosphere, the backup team may serve as __________.

the RIC team

If a company is assigned On-Deck when there is no responsible Supervisor, ________ must maintain accountability for that company, preferably by keeping the On-Deck company near and in view of the Command Post.

Command