A1.2 Nucleic Acids

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

Molecule that stores genetic information

Question 2

Nucleotide

Answer 2

Fundamental building block of DNA and RNA

Question 3

Nucleotide structure

Answer 3

Phosphate at the end joined to pentose sugar joined to nitrogenous base bonded by covalent bonds

Question 4

Polymer

Answer 4

Large molecule made of repeating small units call monomers

Question 5

Phosphodiester bond

Answer 5

Chemical bond joining successive sugar molecules in a polynucleotide

Question 6

Antiparallel

Answer 6

Parallel strands in opposite directions

Question 7

Base pairing

Answer 7

A and T, G and C

Question 8

Number of bonds between bases

Answer 8

3 between C and G, 2 between A and T

Question 9

3’ end

Answer 9

End with unlinked sugar

Question 10

5’ end

Answer 10

End with unlinked phosphate

Question 11

Direction in which DNA templates are read

Answer 11

3’ to 5’

Question 12

Direction in which DNA and RNA is constructed

Answer 12

5’ to 3’

Question 13

Purine

Answer 13

Larger double ringed molecules
Adenine and guanine

Question 14

Pyrimidines

Answer 14

Smaller single ringed molecules
Thymine, uracil, cytosine

Question 15

Nucleosome

Answer 15

Unit of chromatin structure where section of DNA is wrapped in core of proteins