A30 - The ganglion of hayfever

Question 1

what are the symptoms of hayfever?

Answer 1

• sneezing & stuffy, runny nose
• watery eyes
• allergy to pollen
• dilates blood vessels

Question 2

where is the Pterygopalatine Fossa located in relation to the orbital cone?

Answer 2

inferiorly

Question 3

where is the Pterygopalatine Fossa located in relation to ptygeoid process of the sphenoid bone?

Answer 3

anteriorly

Question 4

where is the Pterygopalatine Fossa located in relation to the maxilla?

Answer 4

posteriorly

Question 5

where is the Pterygopalatine Fossa located in relation to the infratemporal fossa?

Answer 5

medially

Question 6

where is the Pterygopalatine Fossa located in relation to the postero-superior part of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

Answer 6

laterally

Question 7

how does the Pterygopalatine Fossa communicate with the orbit?

Answer 7

inferior orbital fissure

Question 8

how does the Pterygopalatine Fossa communicate with the middle cranial fossa?

Answer 8

foramen rotundrum and pterygoid canal

Question 9

how does the Pterygopalatine Fossa communicate with the infratemporal fossa?

Answer 9

pterygomaxillary fissue

Question 10

how does the Pterygopalatine Fossa communicate with the nasal cavity?

Answer 10

sphenopalatine foramen

Question 11

where is the sphenopalatine foramen located?

Answer 11

in the lateral wall of the nasal cavity, between the body of the sphenoid and the perpendicular plate of the palatine bone

Question 12

what does the how does the pterygopalatine Fossa contain?

Answer 12

• terminal 1/3rd of the maxillary artery
• CN Vb
• Pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 13

what ganglion is responsible for hafever symptoms ?

Answer 13

pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 14

what branches of the maxillary artery are lateral to the lateral ptygergoid?

Answer 14

• superficial temporal
• deep auricular
• anterior tympanic
• middle meningeal
• inferior alveolar > mental

Question 15

what are the branches of the maxillary artery that lies superficial to the lateral pterygoid?

Answer 15

• masseteric
• pterygoid
• deep temporal
• buccal

Question 16

what are the branches of the maxillary artery that lie medially to the lateral pterygoid?

Answer 16

• sphenopalatine
• greater and lesser palatine
• infraorbital
• posterior, middle and anterior superior alveolar

Question 17

what artery supplies the maxillary molars?

Answer 17

posterior superior alveolar artery

Question 18

what does the anterior superior alveolar artery supple?

Answer 18

maxillary anterior teeth

Question 19

what artery supples the maxillary premolars?

Answer 19

middle superior alveolar

Question 20

what branch of the thrid part of the maxillary artery supplies the skin of the face?

Answer 20

infraorbital artery

Question 21

what artery supplies the nasal cavity?

Answer 21

sphenopalatine artery

Question 22

what arteries supply the palate?

Answer 22

• greater palatine supplies the hard palate

- lesser palatine supplies the soft palate

Question 23

what does the maxilarry artery become when it passes through the sphenopalatine foamen?

Answer 23

sphenopalatine artery

Question 24

how does the ophthalmic artery get blood supply to the nasal cavity?

Answer 24

via anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries

Question 25

how does the maxillary artery get blood supple to the nasal cavity?

Answer 25

via sphenopalatine and greater palatine arteries

Question 26

how does the facial artery get blood supple to the nasal cavity?

Answer 26

via lateral nasal branch of facial or septal branch of superior labial artery

Question 27

what is the nerve supply to the superior nasal cavity?

Answer 27

anterior ethmoidal branch of nasociliary

Question 28

What nerve travels with the sphenopalatine artery through the sphenopalatine foramen to supple to inferior part of the nasal cavity?

Answer 28

nasopalatine nerve

Question 29

how do preganlionic sympathetic fibres reach the cervical ganglion?

Answer 29

1. travel down the spinal cord 2. exit the spinal cord in T1 spinal nerve 3. travel superiorly in the sympathetic chain 4. Synapse in the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion

Question 30

how do postganglionic sympathetic fibres reach the nasal cavity

Answer 30

postganglionic fibres within the nerve create a plexus on surface of internal carotid artery then reaches nasal cavity via deep petrosal nerve

Question 31

describe the parasympathetic secretomotor supply to the nasal cavity

Answer 31

- pre ganglionic parasympathetic fibres split from CNVII forming greater petrosal nerve in middle cranial fossa - post ganglionic sympathetic fibres leave carotid plexus forming deep petrosal nerve - the greater petrosal nerve and the deep petrosal nerve come together to form the ;nerve of the pterygoid canal - the nerve of the pterygoid canal travels to the pterygopalatine ganglion of hayfever where the PREganglionic parasympathetic fibres synapse and the POSTganglionic sympathetic fibres pass through - both post ganglionic parasympathetic and sympathetic fibres are transferred to the mucosa of the nasal cavity

Question 32

where do the deep petrosal and greater petrosal nerves meet?

Answer 32

foramen lacerum

Question 33

what is the communicating nerve between the pterygopalatine ganglion and the lacrimal gland that carries postganglionic fibres?

Answer 33

lacrimal nerve - branch of CN VI

Question 34

what are the branches of the pterygopalatine ganglion?

Answer 34

- lesser palatine nerve to the soft palate - greater palatine nerve to hard palate - nasopalatine nerve to nasal septum - lateral nasal nerve to muscos membrane of lateral wall of nasal cavity - zygomatic nerve carrying parasympathetic secretomotor fibres from VII to lacrimal gland

Question 35

what areas does the maxillary Division of the Trigeminal Nerve (Vb) give general sensations?

Answer 35

- Mid-face skin - Maxillary teeth & gingivae - Mucosa of maxillary sinus - Walls of nasal cavity - Hard and soft palate

Question 36

The Maxillary Division of the Trigeminal Nerve (Vb) distributes Sympathetic & Parasympathetic (CN VII) secretomotor fibres from pterygopalatine ganglion to what regions?

Answer 36

- Lacrimal gland - Mucous glands of nasal cavity - Minor salivary glands of the palate

Question 37

what nerve supplies somatic sensory to the lateral nasal wall of the nasal cavity?

Answer 37

lateral nasal branch of greater palatine nerve

Question 38

what nerve supplies somatic sensory to the septum of the nasal cavity?

Answer 38

nasoplatine nerve