A6- Structural Members, Loads, & Fixed Supports

Question 1

What are the 3 types of behavior of structural members after load?
1.
2.
3.

Answer 1

1. Bending.
2. Compression.
3. Tension.

Question 2

What is a lintel?
A beam that __________ the ______ of a ________ or ____________ opening.

Answer 2

supports
top
door
window

Question 3

A beam is what type of structural member?

Answer 3

Horizontal.

Question 4

What is a strut?
A _______ or ______ in framework to _________________________.

Answer 4

rod
bar
decrease compression

Question 5

What is a tie?
A _____ or ______ joining 2 ____________________ to _______________________.

Answer 5

rod
bar
framework elements
decrease tension

Question 6

What 2 structural members are used to resist bending?
1.
2.

Answer 6

1. Beams.
2. Lintels.

Question 7

What 3 structural members are used to resist compression?
1.
2.
3.

Answer 7

1. Columns.
2. Walls.
3. Struts.

Question 8

What structural member is used to resist tension?

Answer 8

Ties.

Question 9

What is buckling?
A type of ____________________ caused by ________________ which forces a structural member to ________________.

Answer 9

structural failure
compression
deflect sideways

Question 10

What is yielding?
________ that causes a material to _________.

Answer 10

Stress
deform

Question 11

What are the 5 types of loads? (DDLPW)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Answer 11

1. Dead loads.
2. Distributed loads.
3. Live loads.
4. Point loads.
5. Wind.

Question 12

What is a dead load?

Answer 12

A load on a building that does not move or change over time.

Question 13

What is another word for dead loads?

Answer 13

Static loads.

Question 14

What is a live load?

Answer 14

A load on a building that can move away or change over time.

Question 15

The point load is a load at a _______________ of an object.

Answer 15

single point

Question 16

Distributed load is the total load distributed over the _______________ of an object.

Answer 16

surface area

Question 17

What are the 3 types of structural supports?
1.
2.
3.

Answer 17

1. Hinged supports.
2. Roller supports.
3. Fixed supports.

Question 18

What is an advantage of hinged supports and roller supports?

Answer 18

Free rotation.

Question 19

Do fixed supports allow for free rotation?

Answer 19

No.

Question 20

Fixed supports resist _________________, so the structure is stable.

Fixed supports resist __________ forces, so the structure is stable.

Answer 20

movement
uplift

Question 21

Which 2 supports prevent vertical/ horizontal movement?
1.
2.

Answer 21

Hinged supports.
Fixed supports.

Question 22

A hardwood deck on a lake is fixed with roller supports.

Roller supports allow for _______________, which prevents __________ of the deck due to ____________.

Answer 22

rotational movement
damage
movement

Question 23

Columns and struts may fail due to buckling, why?

Answer 23

Because the compressive loads are too great.

Question 24

Beams and ties may undergo tensile failure. What does this mean for these structural members?

Answer 24

They will stretch until they break.

Question 25

Joints between structural members may undergo shear failure, why?

Answer 25

Because the forces acting in different directions are too great.

Question 26

Structural members could fail due to fatigue. What is causes fatigue?

Answer 26

Repeated loading.