A8: Providing Person-centred Care

Question 1

Give the purpose of the Mental Capacity Act 2005

Answer 1

Protects rights and safeguards and supports individuals over the ag of 16+ who may lack capacity to make choices about their own treatment and care.

Question 2

What is the amendment 2019 for the MCA act 2005?

Answer 2

Individuals who have dementia, learning disabilities or a brain injury are protected under by this act.

Question 3

What does LPS aim to do?

Answer 3

Aims to improve and simplify process of accessing mental capacity.

Question 4

Give the key principles of the care act 2014

Answer 4

Accountability

Empowerment - individuals should be
supported to make their own decisions based on the best possible information.
Protection - Service users who are in greatest need of support and protection

Prevention - better to take action before harm occurs

Partnership - working with a range of professionals

Proportionality - actions should be proportionate to the risk, being overprotective can disadvantage service users to make their own decisions.

Question 5

Give the role of the CQC

Answer 5

Regulator of HASC in England
Carries out inspections on hospitals, GP surgeries and care homes
- Publishes views on quality issues in HASC services
Ensures HASC services provides people with safe, effective and compassionate high quality care.

Question 6

Give the role of Health and Safety Executive (HSE)

Answer 6

Inspects health and care workplaces following health and safety incidents of a non-clinical nature

Improves NHS in the workplace

Ensures Health and safety laws are adhered to in the workplace.

Question 7

Give the role of the General Dental Council

Answer 7

UK wide statutory regulator
Provides information on how to raise concerns
Protects individuals safety from unqualified professionals
Registers qualified professionals
Maintains public confidence in services

Question 8

Give the role of Nursing and Midwifery council

Answer 8

Registers professionals
Ensures professionals have the knowledge and skills to deliver consistent and quality care that keeps people safe
Professional regulator of nurses and midwives in the UK and nursing associates

Registration has to be revalidated every three years and 35 hours of CPD and 5 written reflective accounts.

Question 9

What are some typical care needs?

Answer 9

Personal growth that enables full potential

Independence that enables empowerment

Nutrition + hydration essential for good health and wellbeing

Personal care - hygiene and cleanliness

General health and wellbeing

Self-esteem.

Question 10

What are the stages of human development across the lifespan?

Answer 10

Infancy 0-2 years
Childhood 3-8 years
Adolescence 9-18 years
Early adulthood 19-45 years
Middle adulthood 45-65 years
Later adulthood 65+

Question 11

What is the ICO?

Answer 11

Information Commissioners Office (ICO)
Independent body
Carries out audits and advisory visits across health organizations in relation to data.

Role upholds and promotes rights in the public interest, encouraging transparency and data privacy for individuals.

Question 12

What is OFSTED?

Answer 12

Inspects and regulates social care services that care for children

These organizations must register with the CQC

OFSTED are responsible for children’s homes under the children standard act 2000 who regulate where activities take place.

Question 13

What is the HCPC?

Answer 13

Healthcare professionals council

Regulates 15 health-related professionals e.g. OT, PT, paramedics, radiographers, dieticians

Sets standards for professionals education training and practice.

Registers professionals who meet required standards.

Can take action if professionals do not meet standards.

Question 14

Give the NHS core values

Answer 14

Commitment to quality care
Compassion
Everyone counts
Working together for patients
Improving lives
Respect and dignity

Question 15

Who was the NHS core values developed by?

Answer 15

Patients, staff and public.

Question 16

How can we support people with bereavement?

Answer 16

Providing a safe and comfortable environment and suitable resources

Provide emotional support

Understand families may have an emotional reaction

Duty of candor

Sign posting appropriate services
Acknowledgement of cultural/religious rituals

Question 17

State the 6CS.

Answer 17

Care
Courage
Compassion
Communication
Competence
Commitment

Question 18

Give the importance of practicing and promoting the 6CS.

Answer 18

Dealing with conflicts
Ensures partnership working
Providing choices and gaining consent which offers empowerment.
Ensuring honesty
Ensuring privacy and honest
Escalating concerns
Respecting individuals
Following duty of care

Question 19

Give the concepts of safeguarding.

Answer 19

Protects peoples health and wellbeing
Enabling people to live free from harm, abuse, and neglect and protecting their human rights.

Question 20

State the importance of managing relationship and boundaries

Answer 20

Helps prevent potential abuse
Must work within their own competence
Avoids misinterpretations of roles
Protect those providing and receiving care

Question 21

How can professionals work within their boundaries?

Answer 21

Maintaining professional conversation
Adhering to regulatory bodies standards of professionalism.

Question 22

Give some examples of verbal communication.

Answer 22

Interviewing someone
Conversations
Phone calls
Asking questions
Recorded messages.

Question 23

Give some examples of non-verbal communication.

Answer 23

Braille
Gestures
Makaton
Facial expressions
Body language

Question 24

What is the importance of using holistic approaches?

Answer 24

Complying with autonomous practice
Encouraging engagement with professionals
Ensure that care is provided is in individual best interest.
Holistic approach looks at and different needs of a patient.

Question 25

Give some holistic approach methods.

Answer 25

Person-centered planning (PCP): placing the person at the centre of their care. Person-centered care Advanced life planning: e.g. end of life care.

Question 26

What is the purpose of personalization Agenda 2012?

Answer 26

Puts the individual first in the process of planning, developing and providing care. Creating tailored support to the individual needs and desires when treating those with long-term illnesses and conditions.

Question 27

What is the role of the people and communities board?

Answer 27

It promotes person-centered care.

Question 28

Give the 6 principles produced by the people's communities board.

Answer 28

1. Care and support are person-centered 2. Services are created in partnership with citizens and communities. 3. Focus is on equality and narrowing inequalities. 4. Carers are identified, supported and involved. 5. Voluntary, community social enterprise and housing sectors are involved in key partners and enablers 6. Volunteering and social action are recognized as key enablers.

Question 29

How can we overcome barriers to communication?

Answer 29

- Actively listening to the individual about their communication needs. - Active involvement - Choice of communication aids - Access to a range of support options - Access to information that is understandable.

Question 30

What are some barriers to communication?

Answer 30

- Noisy environment - Sensory disorders (speech and sight) - Tension or conflict - MH condition - Positioning (proximity) - Language barriers - Time pressures

Question 31

What are the five statutory principles of the MCA 2005?

Answer 31

1. Presumption of capacity 2. Support individuals to make their own decisions. 3. Recognise that unwise decisions does not mean lack of capacity. 4. Decisions must be taken within best interests 5. Consider weather a decision can be made in a way that is less restrictive of an individual's freedom.

Question 32

What is the role of Liberty Protection Safeguards?

Answer 32

To ensure that individuals are only deprived of their liberty in extreme situations.

Question 33

When does the LPS apply?

Answer 33

When a person lacks capacity to consent to care arrangements. Person has a mental disorder Arrangements are necessary to prevent harm Arrangements must be proportionate to the likelihood.

Question 34

What are some things that must be taken into considerations when providing person-centered care?

Answer 34

- Serious illnesses e.g. cancer. - Neurological conditions e.g. dementia - Physical disabilities (wheelchair user)

Question 35

What aspects of daily life can be impacted by a long-term condition?

Answer 35

Washing and dressing Shopping Finances Self-neglect Mobility Speech Social

Question 36

Give some considerations when considering a mental or physical condition.

Answer 36

Financial circumstances Mental capacity Ongoing treatments Individual rights and wishes Access to additional services Overall wellbeing Discharge planning Follow PCP Co-morbidity and impact Access to community provision Assessment of need Carers assessment.

Question 37

How can mental disorders influence a person's needs?

Answer 37

Increased support requirements Physical support requirements e.g. care support worker Communication support requirements Reduced ability to self-care Increased monitoring requirements Behavioural support.

Question 38

What is the positive impact of individuals taking care of their own health and wellbeing?

Answer 38

Improving self-esteem and independence Improved partnership working Improved efficiency of staff time

Question 39

How can independence and self care be promoted and what is the impact?

Answer 39

Individuals to be supported to identify their strengths Individuals to have involvement, choice and control over self-care Individuals should have access to support networks, appropriate Support in risk management and risk taking.

Question 40

How can mental disorders influence a person's needs?

Answer 40

- Behavioural factors e.g. violence or aggression - Comprehension factors e.g. anxiety around care, lack of understanding of the care being provided - Awareness of possible abuse. - Perceived stigma attached to conditions and disabilities. - Dissociative disorders - Impaired rationality around the condition - Refused of treatment.

Question 41

What is the role of professionals during the active dying phase?

Answer 41

Involving individuals and families Advocating patients rights and wishes Provide support to individual and family and what is expected during this time. Addressing questions and concerns - Taking time to listen - Understanding the stages of grief, providing emotional support. - Recognizing when someone may be entering the last few hours of their life. Safeguarding the individual Involvement of the MDT.

Question 42

Give some terms that are used in relation to death and bereavement.

Answer 42

EOL: Care provided to those who are in the last years/months of their lives. Palliative care: relieves suffering through an approach that improves quality of life. Grief: response to loss and intense sorrow. Hospice: provides care for those who are dying Acute or gradual deterioration in an individual's health often due to terminal illness. Bereavement: sense of loss when someone passes away.