AAMC Practice

Question 1

pH equation (given acid concentration)

Answer 1

ph = -log[H+]

Question 2

solving log equations

Answer 2

Question 3

determine molecular geometry: basic steps

Answer 3

determine the steric number

determine the geometry based on the number of bonds and lone pairs

Question 4

steric number

Answer 4

the number of “electron dense areas” around a central atom

lone pairs or bonds (whether single, double, or triple)

Question 5

molecular geometry: steric # 2, no lone pairs

Answer 5

linear

180° bond angle

Question 6

molecular geometry: steric # 3, no lone pairs

Answer 6

trigonal planar

120° bond angle

Question 7

molecular geometry: steric # 3, 1 lone pair

Answer 7

bent

<180° bond angle

Question 8

molecular geometry: steric # 4, no lone pairs

Answer 8

tetrahedral

109.5° bond angle

Question 9

molecular geometry: steric # 4, 1 lone pair

Answer 9

trigonal pyramidal

109.5° bond angle

Question 10

molecular geometry: steric # 4, 2 lone pairs

Answer 10

bent

<109.5° bond angle

Question 11

Boiling point

Answer 11

temperature at which the vapour pressure of the liquid equals the surface pressure

Question 12

Red litmus paper

Answer 12

basic substance → turns blue

acidic or neutral substance → stays red

Question 13

which ions are often responsible for colour in solution

Answer 13

complex ions containing transition metals (d block elements) are usually coloured, whereas the similar ions from non-transition metals aren’t

electrons in the lower energy d orbitals absorb visible light to move to the higher energy d orbitals

Question 14

“carboxyl group”

Answer 14

the functional group COOH

Question 15

carboxylic acid

Answer 15

a compound with a carboxyl group attached

Question 16

hydrolysis

(to be hydrolyzed)

Answer 16

add water to break bonds

Question 17

dehydration synthesis

Answer 17

bonds are formed as water is released

Question 18

Triglyceride

Answer 18

Question 19

ester

Answer 19

Question 20

how are esters formed

Answer 20

from a carboxylic and and alcohol

an ester bond is formed and a water molecule is released

Question 21

High retention factor (Rf) value = ____________

Answer 21

further distance travelled

Question 22

retention factor (Rf) formula

Answer 22

Question 23

silica gel is ________ (polar/nonpolar)

Answer 23

polar

(other polar substances ‘stick’ to it)

Question 24

mmol to mol conversion

Answer 24

1 mole = 1000 mol

Question 25

Equilibrium constant (Keq) equation

Answer 25

Question 26

equation for amount of heat gained or lost from a system

Answer 26

q = mc∆t

Question 27

isopropyl group

Answer 27

Question 28

tert butyl group

Answer 28

Question 29

atomic radii trends on periodic table

Answer 29

bottom left = largest top right = smallest

Question 30

of protons

Answer 30

determined by atomic number

Question 31

of electrons

Answer 31

= atomic number *(same as # of protons)*

Question 32

of neutrons

Answer 32

= atomic mass - # of protons *(atomic mass = protons + neutrons)*

Question 33

ionic bonds usually occur between… (2)

Answer 33

metals and nonmetals usually between elements on the far left and far right of the periodic table

Question 34

wedge and dash to chair conformation wedge = _______ (up/down) dash = _______ (up/down)

Answer 34

wedge = **UP** dash = **DOWN**

Question 35

Metals are on the _____ (left/right) of the periodic table Nonmetals are on the _____ (left/right) of the periodic table

Answer 35

Metals are on the **LEFT** of the periodic table Nonmetals are on the **RIGHT** of the periodic table

Question 36

electronegativity differences and bond type

Answer 36

Question 37

Electronegativity trends in periodic table

Answer 37

Question 38

Graphite is composed of which element?

Answer 38

carbon

Question 39

negative delta S meaning

Answer 39

entropy decreases

Question 40

positive delta S meaning

Answer 40

entropy increases

Question 41

Gibb's Free energy equation

Answer 41

Question 42

2 characteristics of ideal gases

Answer 42

molecules have **no intermolecular forces** and occupy **no volume**