Abd & GI Flashcards

Question

Crohn disease

Answer 1

A chronic IBF that usually affects the ileum or colon (or both), but may occur anywhere in the GI tract from mouth to anus; Autoimmune & hereditary in origin **Abdominal pain Chronic Fatigue Fever Weight-loss Anorexia Bloody diarrhea w/ or w/out mucus Happens in frequent attacks May cause depression due to pain & relentless inconvenience**

Answer 2

Outpouching (due to hypertension) in the colon becomes obstructed w/ fecal matter **Massive bright red rectal bleeding Dark stools if bleeding is from a diverticulum in the right colon 🩸💩 Irregular bowel habits (alternating constipation & diarrhea) Cramping & Bloating LLQ Pain & Tenderness Fever Nausea & Vomiting🤮**

Answer 3

Condition in which the appendix becomes inflamed, swollen, or infected due to fecal matter obstruction or viral/bacterial infection **Guarding tenderness Psoas & obturator signs Nausea and vomiting Loss of appetite Low-grade fever Aaron, Rovsing, Markle, & McBurney signs Constipation or diarrhea Abdominal bloating**

Answer 4

infection due to either bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) or long-term use of (NSAIDs) **Discomfort or Pain (could radiate to the back) Pain aggravated by meals= Gastric ulcers Pain relieved by meals = Duodenal ulcers Burning Heartburn or acid reflux🔥 Intolerance to fatty foods Feeling of fullness, bloating or belching Nausea & Vomiting/Blood (Coffee Grounds) Loss of Appetite or Weightloss** **Dark Blood in Stool**

Answer 5

Occlusion of the intestinal lumen that results in blockage of normal flow of intestinal contents due to: -Hernia -Fecal impaction -Polyps -Tumor **Severe abdominal pain Abdominal distension Severe cramping Feelings of fullness or swelling in your belly Loud sounds from your belly; Gassy Constipation Nausea and vomiting** *The most serious danger is perforation of the bowel, which may lead to generalized peritonitis and sepsis

Answer 6

Occurs when the pancreas becomes inflamed, releasing pancreatic enzymes into the blood, the pancreatic duct, and the pancreas itself -Epigastric tenderness -Abdominal tenderness & distension -Nausea & vomiting -Grey turner & Cullen signs (2-3 days after) *Severe Cases: -Fever -Tachycardia -Generalized sepsis and shock.

Answer 7

Enlarged or swollen tortuous veins (at the end of esophagus) caused by portable hypertension due to cirrhosis **Bright red hematemesis Melena or bloody stools Signs of shock**

Answer 8

Swollen, distended veins inside the anus or under the skin around the anus **Slight bleeding (blood in toilet paper)**

Answer 9

Inflammation of the gallbladder Risk factors include: -Female -Oral contraceptive use -Older age -Obesity -Diabetes mellitus -Chronic alcohol ingestion ***-Nausea & vomiting that may be bile stained -Murphy's sign***

Answer 10

Inflammation of the liver Sudden onset of: **Jaundice Dark urine Dull right upper quadrant pain Malaise/Weakness Anorexia Intermittent nausea and 🤮 **

Answer 11

Body absorbs and stores too much iron, which accumulates in organs such as the liver, heart, and pancreas -Joint pain -Fatigue -Abdominal pain -Decreased libido -Heart problems

Answer 12

****Inflammation of the peritoneum that is often caused by an infection from a hole in the bowel or a burst appendix **Severe pain & distension Extreme thirst & Low urine output Fatigue Diarrhea Fever Severe Constipation & Bloating Inability to pass gas Nausea & Vomiting**

Answer 13

Dissecting Aortic Aneurism

Answer 14

Liver Trauma Often injured by trauma to the 8th through 12th ribs on the right side of the body and to the upper central part of the abdomen

Answer 15

Spleen Trauma

Answer 16

Kidney (Renal) Trauma