Abdomen

Question 1

Bony landmarks of abdomen

Answer 1

Xiphoid process
Ribs7-12
Iliac crest
AIS
Pubic crest
Pubic symphysis

Question 2

Layers of wall

Answer 2

Skin, campers fascia, scarpas fascia
Muscles and their fascia
Transversefascia
Extra peritoneal fat layer parietal peritoneum

Question 3

Cleavage lines (langers lines

Answer 3

Run horizontally . Cut along minimal scarring

Question 4

Why the three muscles run like that

Answer 4

Strengthen abdomen and prevent herniating

Question 5

Inguinal ligament and lines semilunlaris

Answer 5

Lower border of external oblique muscle and lateral margin of rectus abdominis

Question 6

Arcuate line

Answer 6

Internal Oblique and transverse sbdominis aponeorosis

Question 7

Mcburneys incision

Answer 7

Base of appendix appendectomy

Question 8

Superficial arterial supply

Answer 8

Superficial epigastric-to umbilicus
Superficial circumflex-along iliac crest
Superficial External pudendal- external genitalia
ALL FROM FEMORAL

Question 8

Deep arterial supply

Answer 8

From internal thoracic A; musculophrenic(across costal margin), superior epigastric(into rectus sheath)
Post intercostal and lumbar from aorta laterally
Deep circumflex iliac to iliac crest and inferior epigastric artery to rectus sheath from EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY

Question 9

Inferior epigastric artery

Answer 9

Branch of external iliac artery and into rectus sheath anastomose with superior epigastric joining EIA and internal thoracic. Medial to deep inguinal ring has two branches: cremasteric to muscle and pubic branch to obturator and in front of femoral canal and may be injured causing bleeding

Question 10

Superficial venous drainage

Answer 10

Lateral thoracic to axillary vein
Inferior: superficial epigastric to great sphenoid to femoral
Medial: para
umbilical to portal vein
Lateral thoracic + superior epigastric= thoracoepigastric

Question 11

Deep venous drainage

Answer 11

Superior epigastric+musculophrenic= internal thoracic vein
Lumbar=IVC
Post intercostal=azygous
Inferior epigastric+deep circumflex=external iliac

Question 12

Nerve supply

Answer 12

T7-L1
Iliohypogastric and ilioingunal

Question 13

Dermatomes

Answer 13

Xiphoid process = T7
Umbilicus= T10
Pubic area= L1

Question 14

Lymph drainage
Superficial

Answer 14

Axillary
Superficial inguinal

Question 15

Lymph deep

Answer 15

Internal thoracic lymph nodes
External iliac
Paraaortic lymph nodes