Abdomen Flashcards
(39 cards)
Which mesentry is the great mesentry a part of ?
The mesojejunoileum
Are dorsal rami made up of sensory, somatic or autonomic fibres?
Made up of all 3, leaves the spine as a mixed nerve, so when the split is made into dorsal and ventral, mixed goes to both ventral and dorsal.
What do the right and left triangular ligaments connect?
The diaphragm to the liver
What’s the function of the falciform ligament ?
Attaches liver to ventral body wall. Forms a link between the umbilical vein and the liver in young, regresses in adult.
What is the stomach lined by?
Simple columnar epithelial cells
Which area of the stomach would you find enzyme and acid secreting glands?
Fundus and body
What is the function of the spleen ?
Lymphocyte production, blood storage and destruction of erythrocytes
What duct supplies the Minor duodenal papilla ?
Accessory duct, links pancreas to duodenum directly, without mixing with bile. Lies cranial lay in the duodenum to the major duodenal papilla
What duct supplies the major duodenal papilla ?
The common bile duct, this is made up of the joining between cystic duct, the common hepatic duct and the major pancreatic duct.
Where is there a predisposition for blockages in the gut?
The ileocolic orifice, this is the opening between the ascending colon and the ileum. There is a narrowing between the two, which can get blocked.
What is the caecocolic orifice?
The opening between the ascending colon and the caecum.
Name the paired abdominal arteries
Phrenicoabdominal, renal, testicular/ovarian, deep circumflex iliac, external iliac, internal iliac
Name the unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta
Coeliac, cranial mesenteric, caudal mesenteric.
Describe, in detail, the blood supply to the stomach
Coeliac branches left to form the splenic artery and right to form the hepatic artery. The splenic artery branches off to form the left gastric artery and the left gastroepiploic, and the hepatic artery branches off to form the right gastric artery and the right gastroepiploic artery.
How is the abdomen parasympathetically innervated?
Pelvic nerve S1,2,3 and the vagus
How is the abdomen sympathetically innervated?
Paravertebral chain: innervated smooth muscle of abdominal wall
Prevertebral: coeliac ganglia > foregut, cranial mesenteric ganglion > midgut, caudal mesenteric ganglion > hindgut and hypogastric nerve (pelvic supply).
Two prevertebral ganglia are hard to distinguish from one another anatomically, how is this reflected in their nomenclature?
The coeliac ganglion and the cranial mesenteric ganglion are known as the coeliacomesenteric ganglia.
Where would you find the coronary ligament ?
Attaches the liver to the diaphragm via a ventral and dorsal layer, both of which are formed by the peritoneum. They create the bare area of the liver, as there is a space in between the layers, with no peritoneal covering. The rest of the liver is coated in peritoneum.
Where is the gall bladder located?
Between right medial lobe and quadrate lobe of the liver.
Where would you find the falciform ligament?
Between left medial lobe and quadrate lobe.
Describe the structure of a multipyramidal kidney? What species have this type of kidney?
Lobes visible on the surface of the kidney, resembles a bunch of grapes. Divided medulla and cortex, no renal pelvis. Found in the Ox and in marine animals.
Describe the structure of a multipapilate kidney. Which species would you expect to have this kind of kidney?
Fused cortex, divided medulla. Appears like a kidney bean, inside pyramids are formed by the divided medulla. Has a renal pelvis. Found in man and pigs.
Describe the structure of a unipapilate kidney. Which species have this kind of kidney?
Fused cortex and medulla, bean shaped. Renal pelvis present. Found in horse, sheep, cats and dogs.
What are stellate veins?
Superficial veins in the fibrous capsule of feline kidneys
