Abdomen

Question 1

Motor supply of diaphragm

Answer 1

Phrenic

Question 2

Sensory supply of diaphragm

Answer 2

Central- phrenic

Peripheral- intercostal

Question 3

Level of Caval hiatus

Answer 3

T8

Question 4

Level of esophageal hiatus

Answer 4

T10

Question 5

Level of aortic hiatus

Answer 5

T12

Question 6

Pass caval hiatus

Answer 6

IVC and Right phrenic

Question 7

Pass aortic hiatus

Answer 7

Aorta, thoracic duct, azygous vein

Question 8

Pass esophageal hiatus

Answer 8

Esophagus and vagus

Question 9

Thoracic duct empty to

Answer 9

Left brachiocephalic vein

Question 10

Level of umbilicus

Answer 10

L3

Question 11

Runs obliquely downward and medially

Answer 11

External oblique

Question 12

Runs upward and medial

Answer 12

Internal oblique

Question 13

Formed by aponeurosis of int oblique and transversus abdominis

Answer 13

Conjoint tendon

Question 14

Marking inferior limit of posterior recrus sheat. Midway of umbilicus and pubic crest

Answer 14

Arcuate line/linea semicircularis

Question 15

Forms linea alba

Answer 15

EO, IO, TA

Question 16

Lymph from lower abdominal wall, buttocks, penis, scrotum, labia mahora, lower vagina and anal canal drains to

Answer 16

Superficial inguinal LN

Question 17

Lymphatic drainage of anterior abdominal wall

Answer 17

Above umbilicus- AXILLARY LN

BELOW- superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Question 18

Borders of HESSELBACH triangle

Answer 18

Superolateral- inf epigastric artery
Medial- rectus abdominis
Inferior- inguinal ligament/poupart ligament

Question 19

Walls of INGUINAL CANAL

Answer 19

Ant- external spermatic
Post- transversalis fascia and conjoint tendon
Floor- inguinal lig
Roof- io and Ta

Question 20

Pass through inguinal canal

Answer 20

Male-spermatic cord
Female- round ligament
ILIOINGUINAL nerve

Question 21

Structures within spermatic cord

Answer 21

3- testicular, cremasteric, artery of vas deferens
2- autonomic and genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
2- vas deferens and processus vaginalis
1- testicular vein
1- lymph of testis

Question 22

Hernia
Congenital; patent processus vaginalis, children, sac LATERAL to inferior Epigastric vessels, covered by peritoneum and spermatic cord

Answer 22

Indirect hernia

Question 23

Hernia

Acquired, weak abdominal wall, elderly, MEDIAL to inferior epigastric, covered only by external spermatic fascia

Answer 23

Direct hernia

Question 24

Cremaster muscle derived from

Answer 24

Internal oblique

Question 25

Afferent limb of cremasteric reflex

Answer 25

Femoral branch of Genitofermoral nerve

Question 26

Efferent of cremaateric reflex

Answer 26

Genital branch of Genitofemoral nerve

Question 27

Peritoneum | Pain is localized

Answer 27

Parietal

Question 28

Peritoneum | Insensitive, pain is poorly localized

Answer 28

Visceral

Question 29

Retroperitoneal organs

Answer 29

``` Suprarenal glands Abdominal aorta/ IVC Duodenum (2nd and 3rd) Pancreas (except tail) Ureters Colon (ascending and descending) Kidneys Esophagus Rectum (middle) ```

Question 30

Peritoneal cavity Main and larger From Diaphragm to pelvis

Answer 30

Greater sac

Question 31

Peritoneal cavity Smaller Post to stomach and lesser omentum Super and inferior recess

Answer 31

Lesser sac/ Omental bursa

Question 32

boundaries of foramen of winslow

Answer 32

A: hepatoduodenal lig, portal vein, hepatic artery, bile duct P: IVC S: caudate lobe I: superior duodenum

Question 33

Formed by hepatoduodenal lig and hepatogastric lig | Connects lesser curvature

Answer 33

Lesser omentum

Question 34

Portal triad

Answer 34

Portal vein posterior Cbd anterior and right Hepatic artery anterior and to the left * in relation to hepatoduodenal lig

Question 35

Abdominal entry of Paracentesis

Answer 35

2cm below umbilicus midline | 4cm superior and midline to ASIS in either side

Question 36

Ant unpaired branch of AA

Answer 36

Celiac SMA IMA

Question 37

AA | Lateral paired visceral

Answer 37

Suprarenal Renal Gonadal

Question 38

AA | Lateral paired abdominal

Answer 38

Inferior phrenic | Lumbars

Question 39

AA | terminal branches

Answer 39

Common Iliac and median sacral

Question 40

Supply of foregut

Answer 40

Celiac trunk

Question 41

Supply of midgut

Answer 41

SMA

Question 42

Supply of hindgut

Answer 42

IMA

Question 43

Primitive gut of duodenum

Answer 43

Fore and mid

Question 44

Primitive gut of transverse colon

Answer 44

Mid and hind

Question 45

Primitive of anal canal

Answer 45

Upper- hindgut | Lower- ectoderm

Question 46

Level of celiac artery

Answer 46

T12

Question 47

Branches of Celiac artery

Answer 47

``` Left gastric (terminal) Splenic: left gastroepiploic and short gastric Common hepatic: right gastric, r and l hepatic, gastroduodenal (right gastroepiploic and superior pancreaticoduodenal) ```

Question 48

Level of SMA

Answer 48

L1

Question 49

Level of IMA

Answer 49

L3

Question 50

Branches of SMA

Answer 50

``` Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal Middle colic Right colic Ileo-colic Jejunal-ileal ```

Question 51

Branches of IMA

Answer 51

Left colic Sigmoid Superior rectal Marginal artery of Drummond

Question 52

Common site of aortic aneurysm

Answer 52

Bifurcation of AA

Question 53

Level of IVC

Answer 53

L5

Question 54

Drains to left renal vein

Answer 54

Left suprarenal | Left gonadal

Question 55

Forms portal vein

Answer 55

Union of splenic and SMV

Question 56

Tributaries of portal vein

Answer 56

``` Smv Imv Splenic vein Left gastric v Paraumbilical v ```

Question 57

Collateral circulation that bypass liver

Answer 57

Left gastric and azygous veins

Question 58

Block in esophageal branch of left gastric blocks esophageal of azygous causes

Answer 58

Esophageal varices

Question 59

Block in superior rectal that blocks middle and inferior rectal veins causes

Answer 59

Internal hemorrhoids

Question 60

Block in paraumbilical veins bloacks superficial veins of ant abdominal wall Causes

Answer 60

Caput medusae

Question 61

Block in collic veins block retroperitoneal veins causes

Answer 61

Internal hemorrhage

Question 62

Drains directly to IVC

Answer 62

Right and left hepatic veins | Right suprarenal and right gonadal veins