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Abdomen - Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

(93 cards)

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1
Q

Layers of the Abdominal Wall

A

Skin -> Camper fascia -> Scarpa Fascia -> Anterior Superficial investing layer -> External Oblique -> Posterior SIF -> Anterior Intermediate Investing Fascia -> Internal Oblique -> Posterior IIF -> Anterior Deep Investing fascia -> Transversus Abdominis -> Posterior DIF -> Endoabdominal/Transversalis fascia -> Extraperitoneal fat -> Parietal Peritoneum

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2
Q

Attachment of the Scarpa fascia below the inguinal ligament

A

Fascia Lata

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3
Q

Superficial fascia of the perineum

A

Colles Fascia

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4
Q

Continuation of the Deep Fascia over the spermatic cord at the superficial inguinal ring

A

External Spermatic Fascia

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5
Q

Tendinous median raphe between the two rectus abdominis muscle

A

Linea Alba

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6
Q

Fusion of aponeurosis of the external oblique, internal oblique and transversus abdominis

A

Linea Alba

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7
Q

Curved line along the lateral border of rectus abdominis muscle

A

Linea Semilunaris

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8
Q

Crescent-shaped line marking the inferior limit of the rectus sheath just below the iliac crest

A

Arcuate Line

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9
Q

Another name for the arcuate line

A

Linea Semicircularis

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10
Q

Medial triangular expansion of the inguinal ligament to the pectineal line of the pubis

A

Lacunar Ligament/Gimbernat Ligament

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11
Q

Lacunar Ligament (eponym)

A

Gimbernat Ligament

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12
Q

Medial border of the femoral ring and floor of the inguinal canal

A

Lacunar ligament

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13
Q

Pectineal ligament (eponym)

A

Cooper Ligament

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14
Q

Inguinal ligament (eponym)

A

Poupart Ligament

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15
Q

Lateral extension of the lacunar ligament along the pectineal line of the pubus

A

Pectineal Ligament

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16
Q

Lower border of the aponeurosis of the external oblique that extends from the ASIS to the pubic tubercle

A

Inguinal Ligament

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17
Q

Inferior wall/floor of the inguinal canal

A

Inguinal Ligament

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18
Q

Fascial partition separating the muscular (lateral) and vascular (medial) lacunae deep to the inguinal ligament

A

Ileopectineal ligament

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19
Q

Structure transmitted by the muscular lacunae

A

Iliopsoas muscle

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20
Q

Structure transmitted by the vascular lacunae

A

Femoral sheath (Femoral vessels, femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve, femoral canal)

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21
Q

Formed by the aponeurosis of the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscle inserting ito the pubic tubercle and crest

A

Conjoint tendon

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22
Q

Conjoint tendon (eponym)

A

Falx iguinalis

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23
Q

Fusion of the aponeurosis of the external oblique, internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles of the abdomen

A

Rectus Sheath

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24
Q

Component of the Anterior Layer of Rectus Sheath above the Arcuate Line

A

Aponeurosis of External Oblique and Internal Oblique

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25
Component of the Anterior Layer of Rectus Sheath below the Arcuate Line
Aponeurosis of the External Oblique, Internal Oblique and Transversus abdominis muscle
26
Component of the Posterior Layer of Rectus Sheath above the Arcuate Line
Aponeurosis of the Internal Oblique and Transversus abdominis muscle
27
Component of the Posterior Layer of Rectus Sheath below the Arcuate Line
ABSENT!!!! Rectus Sheath is in contact with the transversalis fascia
28
Inguinal Triangle is also called
Hesselbach's Triangle
29
Medial border of the inguinal triangle
Linea semicircularis
30
Lateral border of the inguinal triangle
Inferior epigastric vessels
31
Inferior border of the inguinal triangle
Inguinal Ligament
32
Type of hernia protruding through the inguinal triangle
Direct Inguinal Hernia
33
Triangular opening in the aponeurosis of the external oblique lateral to the pubic tubercle
Superficial/External Inguinal Ring
34
Exit of the inguinal canal
Superficial/External Inguinal Ring
35
Opening in the transversalis fascia lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels
Deep/Internal Inguinal Ring
36
Entrance to the inguinal canal
Deep/Internal Inguinal Ring
37
Begins at the deep inguinal ring and terminates at the superficial ring
Inguinal Canal
38
Structures transmitted by the Inguinal Canal
1. Spermatic Cord in Males 2. Round Ligament in Females 3. Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
39
Type of hernia passing through the inguinal canal
Indirect Inguinal Hernia
40
Anterior Wall of the Inguinal Canal
External Oblique aponeurosis reinforced laterally by internal oblique fibers
41
Posterior Wall of the Inguinal Canal
Aponeurosis of the transversus abdominis and transversalis fascia reinforced medially by the conjoing tendon
42
Superior Wall/Roof of the Inguinal Canal
Arching fibers of the Internal Oblique and transverse muscles
43
Inferior Wall of the Inguinal Canal
Inguinal and Lacunar ligaments
44
Contents of this hernia can be returned to their normal position
Reducible Hernia
45
Irreducible hernia in which the contents of the hernial sac are entrapped or stuck in the groin
Incarcerated Hernia
46
Irreducible hernia in which the intestine becomes tightly trapped or twisted, compromising circulation leading to gangrene
Strangulated Hernia
47
Hernia lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels
Indirect inguinal hernia
48
Hernia medial to the inferior epigastric vessels
Direct inguinal hernia
49
Indirect Inguinal hernia origin
Persistence of processus vaginalis
50
Direct inguinal hernia origin
Acquired (after birth)
51
Components of the spermatic cord
1. Ductus deferens 2. Testicular, cremasteric and deferential arteries 3. Pampiniform plexus of testicular vein, Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve, Cremasteric nerve, testicular sympathetic plexus 4. Lymph vessels
52
Origin of the external spermatic fascia
External Oblique aponeurosis
53
Origin of the cremasteric fascia
Internal oblique muscle
54
Origin of the internal spermatic fascia
Transversalis Fascia
55
Peritoneal diverticulum evaginating into the developing scrotum forming the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis
Processus vaginalis
56
Accumulation of fluid in the processus vaginalis
Hydrocele Processus vaginalis
57
Innermost layer of the scrotum
Tunica vaginalis
58
Fetal ligament connecting the bottom of fetal testis to the developing scrotum
Gubernaculum testis
59
Homologues of the gubernaculum testis
Ovarian Ligamant | Round ligament of the testis
60
Function of gubernaculum testis
Testicular descent (pulls the testis down into the scrotum)
61
Fascia of the Scrotum
Dartos Fascia
62
Innervation of the Scrotum
1. Genital branch of Genitofemoral nerve 2. Ilioinguinal Nerve 3. Perineal Nerve 4. Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
63
Blood Supply of the scrotum
1. Anterior scrotal branches of the External Pudendal Artery | 2. Posterior scrotal branches of the Internal Pudendal Artery
64
Lymph drainage of the Scrotum
Superficial Inguinal nodes
65
Obliterated urachus
Medial umbilical ligament/fold
66
Obliterated umbilical artery
Median umbilical ligament/fold
67
Fold of peritineum that covers the inferior epigastric vessels
Lateral umbilical ligament
68
Depression between the median and medial umbilical fold
Supravesical fossa
69
Depression between the medial and lateral umbilical fold
Medial inguinal fossa
70
Depression lateral to the lateral umbilical fold
Laterial inguinal fossa
71
Fossa where most direct inguinal hernias occur
Medial Inguinal fossa
72
Fascia of the entire abdominopelvic cavity between the parietal peritoneum and the inner surface of the abdominal muscles
Transversalis Fascia
73
Subcostal nerve lateral cutaneous branch innervation
Skin on the side of the hip
74
Arises from the first lumbar nerve innervating the internal oblique and transversus abdominis
Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerve
75
Iliohypogastric - lateral cutaneous branch innervates
Skin on the LATERAL side of the bHuttocks
76
Iliohypogastric - anterior cutaneous branch innervates
Skin ABOVE the pHubis
77
Ilioinguinal - femoral branch innervates
Upper and Medial parts of anterior thigh
78
Ilioinguinal - anterior scrotal nerve innervates
1. Skin of the root of penis/ mons pubis | 2. Anterior part of scrotum/ labia majora
79
Lymphatic drainage of the region ABOVE the Umbilicus
Axillary lymph nodes
80
Lymphatic drainage of the region BELOW the Umbilicus
Superficial Inguinal nodes
81
Drawing up of the testis by contraction of the cremaster muscle when the skin on the upper medial side of the thigh is stroked
Cremasteric Reflex
82
Efferent limb of the cremasteric reflex arc
GENITAL branch of genitofermoal nerve (G -> galaw for motor)
83
Afferent limb of the cremasteric reflex arc
FEMORAL branch of the genitofemoral nerve (F - feels for sensory)
84
Branch of the internal thoracic artery supplying the upper central part of the anterior abdominal wall
Superior Epigastric Artery
85
Branch of the external iliac artery supplying the central and lower part of the anterior abdominal wall
Inferior Epigastric Artery
86
Give rise to the cremasteric artery accompanying the spermatic cord
Inferior Epigastric Artery
87
Branch of the external iliac artery running laterally with the inguinal ligament supplying the lateral margin of the anterior abdominal wall
Deep Circumflex Artery
88
Anterior branch of the deep circumflex artery anastomoses with the
Musculophrenic artery
89
Branch of the femoral artery running superior toward the umbilicus over the inguinal ligament It also anastomoses with the inferior epigastric artery
Superficial epigastric artery
90
Branch of the femoral artery running laterally upward parallel to the inguinal ligament It also anastomoses with the the deep circumflex and lateral femoral circumflex arteries
Superficial circumflex iliac artery
91
Branch of the femoral artery running medially to supply the skin above the pubis
Superficial pudendal artery
92
Longitudinal venous connections between the lateral and thoracic veins and the superficial epigastric vein
Thoracoepigastric veins
93
Collateral route for venous return if caval or portal obstruction occurs
Thoracoepigastric veins

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