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CT 2 > Abdomen + Pelvis Anatomy > Flashcards

Abdomen + Pelvis Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

which quadrant does the liver sit?

A

RUQ

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2
Q

which liver lobe is most anterior?

A

left

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3
Q

which liver lobe is the largest?

A

right

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4
Q

what divides the right and left liver lobes?

A

interlobar fissure

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5
Q

where do you find the quadrate lobe?

A

anteroinferior surface of left lobe

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6
Q

the quadrate lobe is between what two things?

A

gallbladder and round ligament

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7
Q

which liver lobe is the smallest?

A

caudate

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8
Q

where do you find the caudate lobe?

A

inferior and posterior to liver’s surface

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9
Q

what two structures is the caudate lobe between?

A

IVC and ligamentum venosum

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10
Q

proximal aspect of the middle hepatic vein travels in a _____ plane. and is seen _____ in an axial cut.

A

horizontal; longer

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11
Q

distal aspect of the middle hepatic vein travels in a _____ plane. and is seen _____ in an axial cut.

A

craniocaudal plane; circle

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12
Q

interlobar fissure is seen from …

A

gallbladder fossa and middle hepatic vein to the IVC

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13
Q

what borders the liver superiorly, laterally and anteriorly?

A

the right hemidiaphragm

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14
Q

what borders the liver on the medial surface?

A

stomach, duodenum, transverse colon

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15
Q

what borders the liver inferiorly?

A

hepatic flexure

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16
Q

what borders the liver posteriorly?

A

right kidney

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17
Q

falciform ligament

A

attaches liver to anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm

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18
Q

portal vein enters the liver through…

A

porta hepatis

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19
Q

___ + ___ = portal vein

A

superior mesenteric vein + splenic vein

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20
Q

portal vein run ____ to the hepatic artery

A

posterior

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21
Q

at the porta hepatis, portal vein branches into …

A

R/L main portal veins

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22
Q

common hepatic artery sits ____ to the portal vein

A

anterior

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23
Q

the common hepatic artery splits into two. which branch travels superiorly?
which branch travels inferiorly?

A

sup = proper hepatic artery
infer = gastroduodenal artery

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24
Q

then which common hepatic artery branch further splits? into what?

A

the proper hepatic artery will then split into R/L hepatic arteries before entering the porta hepatis

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25
Q

where do we find the gallbladder?

A

anteroinferior of the right liver lobe

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26
Q

distal part of the gallbladder

A

fundus

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27
Q

widest part of the gallbladder

A

body

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28
Q

part of the gallbladder that is right of the porta hepatis

A

neck

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29
Q

part of the gallbladder that continues as the cystic duct

A

neck

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30
Q

retroperitoneal organ

A

pancreas

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31
Q

pancreas is ___ to stomach

A

posterior

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32
Q

pancreas extends between ____ + ____

A

duodenum +spleen

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33
Q

what part of the pancreas is within the duodenal bulb?

A

the head

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34
Q

which vertebra do we find the head of the pancreas?

A

l2-l3

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35
Q

the tail of the pancreas ends at … and is __ to the left kidney

A

ends at spleen; anterior to left kidney

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36
Q

pancreas can be a landmark for what kind of vasculature?

A
  • portal vein
  • splenic vein
  • SMA
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37
Q

pancreas is ___ to SMA

A

pancreas is anterior to SMA

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38
Q

which side does the adrenal gland sit lower on?

A

the right side

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39
Q

which side does the adrenal gland sit more medial?

A

right

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40
Q

which side is more posterior to the IVC?

A

right side

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41
Q

the left adrenal gland sits more _____ to ____ pole of the left kidney.

A

anteromedially to upper pole of lt kidney

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42
Q

where are the kidneys located? (vertebrae)

A

T12-L4

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43
Q

are upper or lower poles of the kidney more medial and posterior?

A

upper poles are

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44
Q

ureters are seen well without contrast. t/f

A

false
need contrast in order to be seen well

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45
Q

stomach is on the __ side of the body.

A

left

46
Q

anterior portion of the stomach is in contact with the ___ abdominal wall and ___ lobe of the liver.

A

anterior ab wall and the left lobe of the liver

47
Q

posterior portion of the stomach borders what structures?

A
  • spleen
  • left adrenal gland
  • tail of pancreas
48
Q

folds in stomach lining

A

rugae

49
Q

cardiac orifice

A

where the esophagus joins with the superior portion of the stomach

50
Q

gastroesophageal junction

A

cardiac orifice + cardiac sphincter

51
Q

inferior portion of stomach

A

pyloric antrum

52
Q

superior surface of stomach

A

fundus

53
Q

portion inbetween lesser and greater curvature of the stomach

A

body

54
Q

plicae circulares (circular folds) are in…

A

small bowels

55
Q

haustra are in…

A

large bowels

56
Q

where do you find the sigmoid colon?

A

moving towards midline and posterior to bladder

57
Q

three parts of the small intestines

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

58
Q

large intestines

A

cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum

59
Q

base of the prostate gland is adjacent to the ___ of the bladder

A

neck

60
Q

HU for central zone of prostate gland

A

40-60 HU

61
Q

HU for peripheral zone of prostate gland

A

10-25 HU

62
Q

which zone of the prostate gland is considered hypodense? hyperdense?

A

hypo = peripheral
hyper = central

63
Q

prostate glands can be seen posterior to the ___

A

pubic bone

64
Q

vertebra abdominal aorta bifurcates

A

L4

65
Q

what does the abdominal aorta branch into? (~7)

A
  1. inferior phrenic arteries (R/L)
  2. celiac trunk
  3. superior mesenteric artery
  4. renal artery (R/L)
  5. gonadal artery (R/L)
  6. inferior mesenteric artery
  7. lumbar arteries (R/L)
66
Q

vertebra where the top of the aortic arch is

A

T3

67
Q

what branches off the celiac trunk?

A
  • left gastric
  • common hepatic
  • splenic
68
Q

which arteries supply the diaphragm with blood?

A

inferior phrenic arteries (R/L)

69
Q

which arteries are found directly under the diaphragm?

A

inferior phrenic artery

70
Q

inferior phrenic arteries arise from the ___ surface of the aorta

A

lateral

71
Q

celiac trunk aka?

A

coeliac axis or artery

72
Q

3 vessels that branch from the celiac trunk

A
  1. left gastric artery
  2. splenic artery
  3. common hepatic artery
73
Q

which is the largest branch of the celiac trunk?

A

splenic artery

74
Q

which vertabra do we usually find the superior mesenteric artery (SMA)?

A

L1

75
Q

SMA branches off the ___ surface of the aorta then…

A

anterior surface then drops inferiorly almost immediately

76
Q

gonadal arteries (R/L) arises off the ___ surface of the aorta

A

anterior surface

77
Q

which vertabra do we usually find the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA)?

A

~L3-L4 (3-4 cm above the abdominal aorta bifurcation)

78
Q

SMA size ___ (>/<) IMA size

A

SMA > IMA

79
Q

IMA descends ___ (ANT/POST) to aorta then curves to the ____ (R/L)

A

ant to aorta
curves to left

80
Q

how many pairs of lumbar arteries are there?

A

4 pairs

81
Q

lumbar arteries branch off the ___ surface of the aorta

A

posterior

82
Q

the R/L common iliac artery bifurcates at…

A

the top of the SI joint

83
Q

what does the common iliac arteries branch into?

A

R/L
internal and external iliac arteries

84
Q

internal/external iliac arteries
which is smaller?

A

internal

85
Q

internal/external iliac arteries
which is medial?

A

internal

86
Q

internal/external iliac arteries
which is larger?

A

external

87
Q

internal/external iliac arteries
which is lateral?

A

external

88
Q

largest vein in the body

A

IVC

89
Q

union of the R/L common iliac vein at ___ results in which vessel?

A

L5 – IVC

90
Q

tributaries of IVC

A
  • lumbar veins
  • right gonadal vein
  • renal veins
  • right suprarenal vein
  • hepatic veins
  • inferior phrenic veins
91
Q

external iliac VEIN is ___ to internal iliac VEIN
therefore… internal iliac VEIN is ____ to external iliac VEIN

A

ex is ANT to int
int is POST to ex

92
Q

internal iliac VEIN is ___ to internal iliac ARTERY

A

II vein is medial to II artery

93
Q

external iliac VEIN is ____ to external iliac ARTERY

A

EI vein is medial then moves posteriorly to EI artery

94
Q

common iliac VEINS are ___ to common iliac ARTERIES

A

posterior

95
Q

what level do you find renal veins?

A

L2

96
Q

left renal vein passes ___ to SMA
left renal vein passes ___ to aorta

A

posterior to SMA
anterior to aorta

97
Q

how do you differentiate renal veins from renal arteries?

A

veins are larger and more anterior

98
Q

internal iliac vein is typically ___ (ANT/POST) to external iliac vein

A

posterior

99
Q

in the pelvis, the common iliac veins are formed by the …

A

internal and external iliac veins

100
Q

the inferior mesenteric vein merges and drains directly into the…

A

splenic vein

101
Q

the portal splenic confluence is seen just posterior to…

A

neck of pancreas

102
Q

common iliac arteries bifurcate at this level

A

lumbosacral joint

103
Q

femoral veins terminate in these veins

A

external iliac veins

104
Q

gluteal arteries are branches off of these arteries

A

internal iliac arteries

105
Q

common iliac veins merge at this vertebral level

A

L5

106
Q

sigmoid colon terminates at the level of this vertebra

A

S3

107
Q

most superior portion of the uterus

A

fundus

108
Q

vessel that supplies blood to the lesser curvature of the stomach

A

gastric artery

109
Q

after the diaphragm, first major, unpaired branch off the aorta

A

celiac trunk

110
Q

position of the IVC in relation to abdominal aorta

A

IVC ant and slightly to the right of aorta

CT 2 (7 decks)

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