Neuro - Brain?

Question 1

3 layers of the meninges

Answer 1

1. dura mater
2. arachnoid
3. pia mater

Question 2

falx cerebri separates…

Answer 2

cerebral hemispheres

Question 3

falx cerebelli separates…

Answer 3

cerebellar hemispheres

Question 4

tentorium cerebelli separates…

Answer 4

cerebrum + cerebellum

Question 5

what is unique about the epidural space?

Answer 5

it’s not a true space

Question 6

epidural space is between…

Answer 6

dura mater and the cranium

Question 7

subdural space is between…

Answer 7

dura mater and arachnoid mater

Question 8

subarachnoid space is between…

Answer 8

arachnoid mater and the Pia mater

Question 9

where do you find CSF?

Answer 9

in the subarachnoid space

Question 10

which meninges layer is highly vascular?

Answer 10

pia mater

Question 11

arachnoid mater follows the contour of… while the Pia mater follows the contour of…

Answer 11

arachnoid - dura mater
pia - brain

Question 12

epidural hematoma (do/do not) cross suture line

Answer 12

do not cross suture line

Question 13

subdural hematoma (do/do not) cross suture line

Answer 13

do cross suture line

Question 14

what separates the right and left lateral ventricles?

Answer 14

septum pellucidum

Question 15

where is the third ventricle situated?

Answer 15

midline + inferior to the lateral ventricles

Question 16

where is the fourth ventricle situated?

Answer 16

anterior to the cerebellum
posterior to the pons

Question 17

gyrus

Answer 17

ridge-like folds in the brain

Question 18

sulcus

Answer 18

shallow grooves that separate gyri

Question 19

what is the difference between gyrus and sulcus

Answer 19

gyri are folds in the brain where sulci are shallow and they separate the gyri

Question 20

what is the ct range for grey matter?

Answer 20

35-45

Question 21

what is the ct range for white matter?

Answer 21

20-30

Question 22

what is the corpus callosum?

Answer 22

the largest, most dense collection of white matter

Question 23

corpus callosum forms the roof of what?

Answer 23

the lateral ventricles

Question 24

the corpus callosum is found midline. it connects what?

Answer 24

the right and left cerebral hemispheres

Question 25

what are the 4 segments of the corpus callosum?

Answer 25

rostrum, genu, body, splenium

Question 26

what makes up the diencephalon?

Answer 26

- thalamus - hypothalamus - pituitary gland - epithalamus

Question 27

what connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus?

Answer 27

infundibulum

Question 28

what makes up the brainstem?

Answer 28

- midbrain - pons - medulla oblongata

Question 29

vermis

Answer 29

connects the lateral hemispheres

Question 30

cerebellar peduncles

Answer 30

nerve fiber tracts connecting the cerebellum to the brainstem

Question 31

how does the internal carotid arteries enter the cranium?

Answer 31

carotid canal of temporal bone

Question 32

subclavian artery gives rise to?

Answer 32

vertebral arteries

Question 33

structure that shunts between two anterior cerebral arteries

Answer 33

anterior communicating artery

Question 34

portion of the sphenoid bone that supports the pituitary gland

Answer 34

sella turcica

Question 35

hole in the occipital bone that the spinal cord passes through

Answer 35

foramen magnum

Question 36

portion of the dura mater within the transverse fissure is...

Answer 36

tentorium cerebelli

Question 37

frontal lobe is located anterior to which sulcus?

Answer 37

central sulcus

Question 38

narrow ventricle within the diencephalon

Answer 38

third ventricle

Question 39

structure that forms the roof of the third ventricle

Answer 39

epithalamus

Question 40

arteries that derive from the subclavian arteries

Answer 40

vertebral

Question 41

each internal carotid artery divide into these two arteries

Answer 41

anterior and middle cerebral arteries

Question 42

on an axial CT slide through the level of the pons, you will also be able to visualize: 1. 3rd ventricle 2. 4th ventricle 3. thalamus 4. basilar artery

Answer 42

4th ventricle and basilar artery

Question 43

what blood vessel runs anterior to the pons?

Answer 43

basilar artery

Question 44

fluid filled space at the level of the pons and clivus?

Answer 44

4th ventricle

Question 45

what channel communicates between the two lateral ventricles and the 3rd ventricle?

Answer 45

foramen of monro

Question 46

portion of the diencephalon that forms the lateral walls of the 3rd ventricle

Answer 46

thalamus

Question 47

sigmoid sinus

Answer 47

drains into the internal jugular vein

Question 48

cerebral aqueduct

Answer 48

allows passage of fluid between 3rd and 4th ventricles

Question 49

vessel that ascends through the transverse foramen

Answer 49

Vertebral artery

Question 50

what are the venous channels formed by the dura mater?

Answer 50

dural venous sinuses

Question 51

what are the three major dural sinuses?

Answer 51

1. superior sagittal sinus 2. inferior sagittal sinus 3. straight sinus

Question 52

what is the typical WW and WL for brain imaging?

Answer 52

WW 160 WL 40

Question 53

what is the typical WW and WL for bones?

Answer 53

WW 2500 WL 400

Question 54

what does a higher window width mean?

Answer 54

allows for high contrast structures to be demonstrated (due to the higher difference in tissue attenuation) bone vs. air

Question 55

what are some indications for a NECT head scan?

Answer 55

- early infarction - intracerebral hemorrhage - dementia - hydrocephalus - trauma

Question 56

what are some indications for a NECT and CECT head scan?

Answer 56

- mass or lesion - metastasis - arteriovenous malformation - aneurysm - "worst than life" headache - seizure

Question 57

what is the CT number for CSF?

Answer 57

4-8

Question 58

CT number for blood? clotted blood?

Answer 58

blood - 40-50 clotted blood - 60-110

Question 59

mass effect

Answer 59

displacement of soft tissue of the brain due to lesions

Question 60

what do you look for for a mass effect?

Answer 60

a midlife shift

Question 61

what are four acute bleeds that can occur inside the brain?

Answer 61

1. epidural hematoma 2. subdural hematoma 3. subarachnoid hemorrhage 4. intracerebral hemorrhage

Question 62

TS-OP line

Answer 62

tuberculum sellae-occipital protuberance line parallel to anterior commissure-posterior commissure line

Question 63

indications for a CT sinus scan

Answer 63

- chronic sinusitis - inflammatory sinus disease - pre-operative - polyps

Question 64

indications for ct facial bone scan

Answer 64

- facial fx - soft tissue injury - foreign body

Question 65

indications for a NECT orbit scan

Answer 65

- foreign body - trauma

Question 66

indications for a CECT orbit scan

Answer 66

- intraorbital mass - thyroid ophthalmopathy - inflammation - infection - vascular injury/trauma

Question 67

indications for a cta head

Answer 67

- locate/assess known aneurysm - arteriovenous malformation - assess known intracranial hemorrhage