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FUNDAMENTALS > ABDOMINAL ASSESSEMENT OSCE > Flashcards

ABDOMINAL ASSESSEMENT OSCE Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

What is the primary purpose of an abdominal assessment in nursing?

A

To identify any abnormalities or issues related to the abdominal organs.

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2
Q

List the four main techniques used in abdominal assessment.

A

Inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation.

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3
Q

True or False: The abdominal assessment should always begin with palpation.

A

False

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4
Q

What does inspection of the abdomen involve?

A

Visually examining the abdomen for any abnormalities such as swelling, discoloration, or deformities.

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5
Q

Fill in the blank: During palpation, the nurse should assess for ________ and ________.

A

tenderness, masses

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6
Q

What is the purpose of auscultation in an abdominal assessment?

A

To listen for bowel sounds and vascular sounds in the abdomen.

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7
Q

What are normal bowel sounds characterized by?

A

Irregular, soft gurgling noises occurring every 5 to 15 seconds.

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8
Q

True or False: Hyperactive bowel sounds indicate a normal functioning digestive system.

A

False

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9
Q

What is the significance of absent bowel sounds?

A

It may indicate a bowel obstruction or ileus.

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10
Q

What is the recommended order of techniques in an abdominal assessment?

A

Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation.

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11
Q

What should a nurse look for during the inspection phase?

A

Symmetry, shape, skin condition, and any visible pulsations.

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The diaphragm of the stethoscope is used to listen for ________ sounds.

A

high-pitched bowel

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13
Q

What is the normal range for bowel sounds?

A

5 to 30 sounds per minute.

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14
Q

What does percussion help to determine in an abdominal assessment?

A

The size and density of abdominal organs.

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15
Q

True or False: Light palpation is performed before deep palpation.

A

True

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16
Q

What is the purpose of deep palpation during an abdominal assessment?

A

To assess for deeper masses, organ size, and tenderness.

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17
Q

What are some common abdominal conditions that may be identified during an assessment?

A

Appendicitis, cholecystitis, and pancreatitis.

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18
Q

What is referred pain?

A

Pain perceived in a different location from the site of the stimulus.

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19
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.

A

liver

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20
Q

What does the presence of rebound tenderness indicate?

A

Possible peritoneal irritation or inflammation.

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21
Q

True or False: The spleen is normally palpable in a healthy adult.

A

False

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22
Q

What is the function of the liver?

A

To produce bile, detoxify substances, and metabolize nutrients.

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23
Q

What is Murphy’s sign?

A

Pain experienced upon palpation of the right upper quadrant during inhalation, indicating possible gallbladder inflammation.

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24
Q

What is the term for the inflammation of the appendix?

A

Appendicitis

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25
Fill in the blank: The ________ is located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen.
stomach
26
What is the significance of guarding during palpation?
It may indicate abdominal pain or discomfort.
27
What is the normal size of the adult liver?
Approximately 6 to 12 centimeters in the midclavicular line.
28
True or False: A nurse should always assess for the presence of a pulsating mass in the abdomen.
True
29
What does the Psoas sign indicate?
Possible appendicitis when pain is elicited by extending the right leg.
30
What is the appropriate position for a patient during an abdominal assessment?
Supine with knees flexed.
31
What is the primary concern when assessing for abdominal pain?
To determine the cause and urgency of the condition.
32
Fill in the blank: The ________ is responsible for the absorption of nutrients.
small intestine
33
What is the significance of a positive iliopsoas test?
It may indicate appendicitis.
34
What is the function of the gallbladder?
To store and concentrate bile.
35
True or False: The kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal space.
True
36
What does a 'board-like' abdomen indicate?
Possible peritonitis or severe abdominal pathology.
37
What is the typical appearance of a patient with ascites?
Abdominal distension and shifting dullness on percussion.
38
Fill in the blank: The ________ is the largest solid organ in the abdomen.
liver
39
What is the significance of a positive McBurney's point tenderness?
It suggests appendicitis.
40
What organ is primarily involved in detoxification?
Liver
41
What does a nurse assess for when checking the abdominal skin?
Color, texture, scars, and lesions.
42
True or False: A palpable spleen suggests splenomegaly.
True
43
What is the role of the pancreas?
To produce enzymes for digestion and hormones like insulin.
44
Fill in the blank: The ________ is responsible for the production of bile.
liver
45
What does the term 'visceral pain' refer to?
Pain originating from internal organs.
46
What is the importance of assessing for a hernia?
To identify any protrusions of abdominal contents through the abdominal wall.
47
What is the typical percussion note over the stomach?
Tympanic
48
True or False: A nurse should always perform an abdominal assessment in a systematic manner.
True
49
What is the significance of assessing for flank pain?
It may indicate kidney issues or urinary tract problems.
50
What is the expected finding when palpating the bladder?
It is usually not palpable unless distended.
51
Fill in the blank: The ________ is located in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen.
cecum
52
What is the clinical significance of ascites?
It may indicate liver disease, heart failure, or malignancy.
53
What is the term for pain that is felt in a different location than the source?
Referred pain
54
True or False: A nurse should document all findings during the abdominal assessment.
True
55
What does the term 'hypoactive bowel sounds' indicate?
Decreased intestinal activity, possibly due to ileus or obstruction.
56
What is the significance of checking for abdominal rigidity?
It may indicate peritoneal irritation or inflammation.
57
Fill in the blank: The ________ is primarily responsible for digestion and absorption.
small intestine
58
What is the role of the large intestine?
To absorb water and electrolytes and form feces.
59
What is rebound tenderness?
Pain felt upon release of pressure during palpation.
60
True or False: A nurse should assess for any changes in bowel habits during the abdominal assessment.
True
61
What is the importance of history taking before an abdominal assessment?
To gather information about symptoms, medical history, and potential causes of abdominal issues.
62
What is the expected percussion sound over a gas-filled stomach?
Tympanic
63
Fill in the blank: The ________ helps in the emulsification of fats.
bile
64
What is the term for the area of the abdomen overlying the bladder?
Suprapubic region
65
What does a positive heel tap test suggest?
Possible peritoneal irritation.
66
True or False: The abdominal assessment should be conducted with the patient in a standing position.
False
67
What is the significance of assessing for bowel distension?
It may indicate obstruction or other gastrointestinal issues.
68
What is the expected finding when palpating the liver?
It should be smooth and non-tender.
69
Fill in the blank: The ________ is responsible for producing insulin.
pancreas
70
What is a common symptom of cholecystitis?
Right upper quadrant pain, especially after eating fatty meals.
71
What does the term 'peritoneal signs' refer to?
Symptoms indicating irritation of the peritoneum, such as guarding and rebound tenderness.
72
True or False: The abdominal assessment is a quick procedure that requires minimal time.
False
73
What is the expected finding when assessing the spleen?
It should be non-palpable in a healthy adult.

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