Immune system

Question 1

What is the primary function of the immune system?

Answer 1

To protect the body against infections and diseases.

Question 2

True or False: The immune system can recognize and remember pathogens.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What are the two main types of immunity?

Answer 3

Innate immunity and adaptive immunity.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the first line of defense in the immune system.

Answer 4

skin

Question 5

Which cells are primarily responsible for the adaptive immune response?

Answer 5

Lymphocytes (T cells and B cells).

Question 6

What is the role of antibodies?

Answer 6

To bind to specific antigens and neutralize or mark them for destruction.

Question 7

True or False: Vaccines are designed to enhance the adaptive immune response.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What type of white blood cell engulfs and digests pathogens?

Answer 8

Phagocytes.

Question 9

Which organ is primarily involved in the maturation of T cells?

Answer 9

Thymus.

Question 10

What is an antigen?

Answer 10

A substance that triggers an immune response.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The _______ system includes lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow.

Answer 11

lymphatic

Question 12

What is the difference between active and passive immunity?

Answer 12

Active immunity is developed after exposure to an antigen; passive immunity is provided by antibodies from another source.

Question 13

True or False: Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system attacks the body’s own cells.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Which type of T cell helps activate B cells?

Answer 14

Helper T cells.

Question 15

What is the role of memory cells in the immune system?

Answer 15

To provide long-term immunity by remembering past infections.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The _______ is responsible for filtering blood and producing lymphocytes.

Answer 16

spleen

Question 17

What is the function of cytokines?

Answer 17

To act as signaling molecules that mediate and regulate immunity and inflammation.

Question 18

True or False: Innate immunity is specific to particular pathogens.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

What are the two main branches of the adaptive immune system?

Answer 19

Humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity.

Question 20

What is the primary role of B cells?

Answer 20

To produce antibodies.

Question 21

Fill in the blank: _______ are proteins produced by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects.

Answer 21

Antibodies

Question 22

What is a pathogen?

Answer 22

An organism or agent that causes disease.

Question 23

True or False: The skin is part of the adaptive immune system.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

What type of immunity is provided by maternal antibodies?

Answer 24

Passive immunity.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The _______ response is the body's immediate response to a threat.

Answer 25

innate

Question 26

What is the function of natural killer (NK) cells?

Answer 26

To attack and destroy infected or cancerous cells.

Question 27

True or False: The immune system is only active when there is an infection.

Answer 27

False

Question 28

What are the two types of lymphocytes?

Answer 28

B cells and T cells.

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The _______ is a network of vessels that helps transport lymph fluid.

Answer 29

lymphatic system

Question 30

What type of immune cell is involved in the rejection of transplanted tissues?

Answer 30

T cells.

Question 31

True or False: Immunodeficiency disorders result in a weakened immune response.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

What is the role of the bone marrow in the immune system?

Answer 32

To produce blood cells, including lymphocytes.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: The _______ is a type of white blood cell that plays a key role in allergic reactions.

Answer 33

basophil

Question 34

What is the process by which immune cells communicate with each other?

Answer 34

Cell signaling.

Question 35

True or False: All immune responses are inflammatory.

Answer 35

False

Question 36

What is the primary function of macrophages?

Answer 36

To engulf and digest pathogens and debris.

Question 37

Fill in the blank: The _______ response is slower but more specific than the innate response.

Answer 37

adaptive

Question 38

What type of cell presents antigens to T cells?

Answer 38

Antigen-presenting cells (APCs).

Question 39

True or False: Immunotherapy is a treatment that uses the immune system to fight diseases.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

What is the main role of dendritic cells in the immune system?

Answer 40

To capture and present antigens to T cells.