Abdominal Organs A/N/V

Question 1

Liver (A/V)

Answer 1

Hepatic artery

Portal Vein

Question 2

Branches of proper hepatic artery

Answer 2

R gastic
R hepatic
L hepatic
Cystic

Question 3

Gallbladder (A/N)

Answer 3

Cystic artery (from proper hepatic)

Innervation:

Parasympathetic via vagus

Sympathetic and visceral sensory via greater splanchnic nerves

Somatic afferent fibers via R phrenic nerve

Question 4

Pancreas (A)

Answer 4

Pancreaticoduodenal arcades (collateral cirucation bw celiac and superior mesenteric)

Splenic arteries—> dorsal pancreatic artery—>greater pancreatic artery—>caudal pancreatic artery

Question 5

Esophagus (A/V/N)

Answer 5

Left gastric artery, L inferior phrenic artery

L gastric vein (portal)
Esophageal veins—>azygos (caval)

Innervation:

Paraympathetic via vagus–>celiac plexus—> enteric ganglia
-controls physiological sphincter at E-G jct

Sympathetic via greater splanchnic–>celiac ganglion–>celiac plexus

Question 6

Stomach (A/V/N)

Answer 6

Left + Right gastric

Portal venous system

Innervation:

Parasympathetic via vagus –>celiac plexus–>enteric ganglia
-increases motility and secretion

Sympathetic via T6-9–> greater splanchnic nerve–>celiac ganglia—>celiac plexus

Question 7

Spleen (A/V)

Answer 7

Splenic artery, no anastamoses

Splenic vein (portal)

Question 8

Appendix (A/N)

Answer 8

Appendicular artery from ileocolic

Innervation:

Parasympathetic and reflex afferent via vagus

Sympathetic and visceral sensory via T10 spinal cord segment

Question 9

Cecum (A/V)

Answer 9

Superior mesenteric artery—>ileocolic artery

Ileocolic vein–>superior mesenteric vein–>portal vein

Question 10

Duodenum (A/V/N)

Answer 10

• Anastamoses bw fore and midgut arteries
• Gastroduodenal to anterior and posterior superioer pancreaticoduodenal arteries.
• Superior mesenteric artery to infertion pancreaticoduodenal artery.

Venous drainage: portal

Innervation:

Parasympathetic via vagus–>celiac plexus–>enteric ganglia

Sympathetic: greater splanchnic nerves–>celiac ganglia–>celiac plexus

Question 11

Jejunum and Ilium (A/V/N)

Answer 11

• Superior mesenteric artery–>jejunal and ileal arteries
• Superior mesenteric vein–>portal

Innervation:

Parasympathetic:
Post. Vagal trunk–>superior mesenteric plexus–>myenteric and submucosal plexuses

Sympathetic:
T9-10–>greater and lesser splanchnic nerves–>sup mesenteric ganglion–>sup mesenteric plexus

Question 12

Large Intestines (A/N)

Answer 12

Large Intestines:

Ascending colon- ileocolic and R colic arteries

Transverse colon: middle colic artery

Descending colon: L colic artery

Sigmoid colon: sigmoid arteries

Innervation:
Parasympathetic via vagus–>superior mesenteric plexus–>enteric ganglia in myenteric and submucosal plexuses in ascending and prox 2/3 of transverse colon

Parasympathetic via S2-4 —>pelvic splanchnic nerves –>inferior hypogastric plexus–>enteric ganglia in myenteric and submucosal plexuses of distal 1/3 of transverse, descending, and sigmoid colons.

Sympathetic via T10-12 —>lesser and least splanchnic nerves–>sup mesenteric and aorticorental ganglia–>sup mesenteric plexus to innervate ascending and prox 2/3 of transverse colon.

Sympathetic via L1-2 –>lumbar splanchnic nerves–> inf mesenteric ganglion–>inf mesenteric plexus to innervate distal 1/3 of transverse, descending, and sigmoid colons.