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Part 1 Anatomy > Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Fascia

A

Above umbilicus single layer
Below superficial fatty (camper)
Deep membranous (scarpa)

3 layers investing fascia around muscles

Below muscles endoabdominal fascia

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2
Q

External oblique

A

T7-11 + SC nerves
Becomes inguinal ligament
From ext 5-12 rubs
To linea alba, pubic tubercle, and ant half iliac crest

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3
Q

Internal oblique

A

T6-12+L1
From thoracolumbar region, ant 2/3 iliac crest, CT deep to lat 1/3 inguinal lig
To 10-12th ribs, linea alba and pecton pubis via conjoint tendon

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4
Q

Transversus abdominus

A

T6-12+L1
Neurovascular plane lies superior to it
From int 7-12th ribs, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest + ct deep to lat 3rd inguinal lig (same as int oblique)
To linea alba, aponeurosis internal oblique, pubic crest, pecton pubis via conjoint tendon
becomes iliopubic tract

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5
Q

Rectus abdominus

A

T6-12 ant rami
From pubic symphysis and crest
To xiphoid process and 5-7th costal cartilages

Pyramidalis absent 20% people

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6
Q

Rectus sheath

A

Contains sup and inf epigastric arteries and veins, lymph vessels and distally nerves T7-12
Sup 2/3 post to obliques
Inf post to obliques and transverse

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7
Q

Thoracoabdominal nerves

A

T7-11
Continuation intercostals distal to costal margin
Between int oblique and transversus abdominus
Distal muscles and skin

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8
Q

Lateral cutaneous branches thoracic

A

T7-9 anterior rami
Skin R+L hypochindrium

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9
Q

Subcostal nerve

A

T12
Largest anterior ramus of t12
Between int oblique and transversus
Skin sup to iliac crest and inf to umbilicus

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10
Q

Iliohypogastric

A

L1
Sup terminal branch anterior ramus
Pierces transversus then between that and int oblique
Skin over iliac crest, upper inguinal and hypogastrium
Muscles int oblique and trans abdo

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11
Q

Ilioinguinal nerve

A

L1
Inferior terminal branch ant ramus
Normal route thn traverses inguinal canal
Skin lower inguinal, mons pubis, ant scrotum, adjacent medial thigh
Muscle lower in oblique and transversus abdominus

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12
Q

Superficial veins ant abdo drainage

A

Sup medial internal thoracic
Sup lateral lat thoracic
Inf
Superficial epigastric to femoral
Inferior epigastric to external iliac

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13
Q

Superficial abdo arteries from internal thoracic

A

Musculophrenic - follows costal margin, supplies hypochondrium and ant lat diaphragm
Superior epigastric - in rectus sheath deep to rectus abdominus, supplies epigastric and supra umbilical plus rectus abdominus

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14
Q

Superficial abdo arteries from aorta

A

10+11 IC + subcostal
Supply lumbar and flank

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15
Q

Superficial abdo arteries from external iliac

A

Inferior epigastric - deep to rectus abdominus, supplies deep wall pubic and infra umbilical and rectus abdominus
Deep circumflex iliac - deep wal parallel to inguinal ligament, supplies deep wall inguinal + iliac fossa + iliacus muscle

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16
Q

Superficial abdo arteries from femoral

A

Superficial epigastric - in subcut tissue to umbilicus, supplies sup wall pubic and inf umbilical
Superficial circumflex iliac - subcut tissue along ing ligament, supplies superficial wall inguinal and adjacent ant thigh

17
Q

Lymph drainage ant wall

A

Superficial sup umbilicus to axillary
Inf to umbilicus superficial inguinal
Deep - follow vessels to iliac and lumbar

18
Q

Infra umbilical peritoneal folds

A

1x median, apex bladder to umbilicus, covers median umbilical lig
2x medial umbilicus, cover medial umb ligs (old umb arteries)
2x lateral, cover inferior epigastric vessels

19
Q

Infra umbilical fossae

A

med to lat
supravesicular - bladder
medial inguinal - direct hernia, hesselbachs triangle
lat inguinal - indirect (most common)

20
Q

Hesselbachs triangle

A

Base ing lig
lat inferior epigastric
Med rectus sheath (linea semilunaris)
DIRECT HERNIA

21
Q

Inguinal canal

A

formed by reocation testes, 4cm
parallel and SUP the inguinal lig
Contains: spermatic cord/ round ligament, , blood, lymph, ilioninguinal nerve L1, genital branch genitofemoral nerve L1+2

22
Q

Walls inguinal canal

A

MALT
2Muscles ROOF - tranversalis and in oblique
2Aponeurosis ANT - in and ext oblique
2Ligaments LOWER - inguinal and lacunar
2T POST - Transversalis fascia and conjoint Tendon

23
Q

Spermatic cord fascia

A

Internal spermatic - transversalis
Cremasteric - int oblique
External spermatic - ext oblique

24
Q

Spermatic cord contents

A

3 arteries - cremasteric, testicular and ductus deferens
Venous pampiform plexus
Ductus deferens
Symp nerves on arteries and ductus deferens
Genital branch genitofemoral (for cremasteric)
Lymph vessels (drain lumbar)

25
Q

Scrotal arteries

A

Post from int pudendal
Int scrotal from external pudendal
Cremaseric from inferior epigastric

26
Q

Lymph drainage scrotum and testes

A

Scrotum to superficial inguinal
Testes to lumbar and preaortic

27
Q

Testicular arteries and veins

A

Art - from aorta L2 - ant to ureters ->through ing canal
Veins - 8-12 veins, pampiform plexus -> testicular veins, R to aorta, left to renal vain

28
Q

Hernias

A

Direct medial to epigstric, 25%, weakness wall, preitoneum and transversalis fascia
Indirect due to processus vaginalis still present, can go to testes, through ing canal

29
Q

Processus vaginalis

A

Continuation of peritoneum
Absent in adults other than tunica vaginalis at end of testes

30
Q

Posterior abdominal wall fascia

A

Endoabdominal - continuous with transversalis
Psoas - from L ver and pelivis, sup med arcuate, lat quad lumborum and thoracolumbar, inf iliac
Thoracolumbar - 3 layers, post and middle deep back muscles, ant encloses quadratus laborum

31
Q

Psoas major

A

L1-3 ant rami
TP L, T12-L5 lat bodies to lesser trochanter
Flex trunk and thigh with iliacus
Vert column lat

32
Q

Iliacus

A

L2-4
From ant 2/3 iliac fossa to lesser trochanter and psoas tendon
Flex thigh and stabilise hip

33
Q

Quadratus lumborum

A

T12 -L4
12th rib and TPs l spine to int lip iliac crest and iliolumbar lig
Extention and lat flexion vertebral column, fixes 12th rib insp

34
Q

Subcostal nerve

A

Post to lat arcuate
Inf on quad lumborum
Supplies ext oblique and skin lat abdo wall

35
Q

Lumbar spinal nerves

A

Post rami back muscles and overlying skin
Ant rami rest
L1+2 lumbar splanchnic

36
Q

Lumbar plexus

A

Femoral l2-4
Obturator l2-4
Lumbrosacral l4-5

Ilioinguinal and hypogastric l1
Genitofemoral l1+2
Latcut thigh l2+3

37
Q

Femoral nerve

A

Lat border psoas major deep to ing lig to ant thigh
Hip flexors, extention knee, iliacus

38
Q

Obturator nerve

A

L2-4
Medial psoas major through obturator foramen
Adductor muscles

Part 1 Anatomy (9 decks)

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