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Clinical Laboratory Medicine > ABGs > Flashcards

ABGs Flashcards

1
Q

The which test checks for ulnar artery patency?

A

allen test

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2
Q

arterial blood is typically drawn from…

A

radial artery

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3
Q

how long for results from ABGs?

A

5-15 min

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4
Q

normal range pO2

A

80-100

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5
Q

pO2 is used for what reason?

A

determine how well patient is oxygenating, more reliable than pulse-ox

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6
Q

5 causes of …

lung/pleural dz
neuromuscular dz
chest wall dysfxn
drugs
CNS/trauma
A

respiratory acidosis

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7
Q

Respiratory acidosis is a result of…

A

hypoventilation

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8
Q

A patient presents with hypercapnia: AMS, dyspnea, hemodynamic instability…

A

respiratory acidosis

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9
Q

How do you treat respiratory acidosis?

A

underlying cause, BiPAP

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10
Q

Respiratory alkalosis is a result of…

A

hyperventilation

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11
Q

The following can cause…

  • anxiety, pain
  • sepsis, fever
  • pregnancy
  • salicylate intoxication
  • hypoxemia, high altitude
A

respiratory alkalosis

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12
Q

A patient resents with:

  • tachypnea
  • palpitations
  • light-headeadness
  • paresthesia…
A

respiratory alkalosis

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13
Q

normal anion gap…

A

8-12

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14
Q

what ions are included in anion gap?

A

Na, Cl, HCO3

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15
Q

What can cause an elevated anion gap?

A

MUDPILES

methanol
uremia
DJA
propylene glycol
iron/Isoniazid
lactate
ethylene glycol
salicylate/starvation
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16
Q

The below cause…

bicarb loss via diarrhea, pancreatic loss, GI fistula, RTA

A

non-anion gap

17
Q

A patient presents with…

compensatory hyperventilation
tachycardia, arrhythmia,
hyperkalemia
AMS

A

metabolic acidosis

18
Q

What are three ways to manage metabolic acidosis?

A

tx underlying dz
dialysis
bicarb

19
Q

Gain or loss of ____ or _____ respectively can cause metabolic alkalosis.

A

bicarb gain, hydrogen ion loss

20
Q

When you suspect metabolic alkalosis, what lab should be checked?

A

urine chloride

21
Q

urine chloride < _____ is considered responsive…

A

20

22
Q

responsive metabolic alkalosis can be caused by what two things? What is the tx?

A 
GI losses (vomiting, suction)
diuretics

tx: fluid

23
Q

The below conditions would cause a urine chloride _____

hyperaldosteronism
cushings
renin tumor
hypokalemia
citrate toxicity (transfusion)

(tx underlying cause +/- potassium)

A

> 20 is unresponsive.

24
Q

With mixed acid-base disorders, you can have what number of disorders all at once?

A

3 (metabolic alkalosis/acidosis, but only one respiratory disorder)

Clinical Laboratory Medicine (9 decks)

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