ABNORMALITIES IN CELL GROWTH Flashcards
(24 cards)
RETROGRESSIVE CHANGES:
- incomplete development of the organ
APLASIA
RETROGRESSIVE CHANGES:
- failure of an organ to develop fully
HYPOPLASIA
RETROGRESSIVE CHANGES:
- complete non-appearance of an organ
AGENESIA
RETROGRESSIVE CHANGES:
- failure of an organ to form an opening
ATRESIA
Acquired decrease of the size of a normally developed organ
ATROPHY
Increase cell SIZE
HYPERTROPHY
- Changes in ADULT FORM of cell
DEGENERATIVE CHANGES
Increase in CELL POPULATION
HYPERPLASIA
SECONDARY CHANGES OF DEATH:
- occurs immediately after death; apparent only in autopsy
POST-MORTEM CLOTTING
DEGENERATIVE CHANGES:
- lack of differentiation of cells
ANAPLASIA
DEGENERATIVE CHANGES:
- means new growth; uncontrolled proliferation of cells with no purpose
NEOPLASIA
DEGENERATIVE CHANGES:
- replacement of one cell type of cells to
another type in the same site (reversible)
METAPLASIA
DEGENERATIVE CHANGES:
- means “DISORDERED GROWTH”
DYSPLASIA
CHARACTERISTICS OF TUMORS
- May resemble and function like a normal cell
- Autonomous; non-responsive to normal growth factors
- Parasitic nature; competes with cells for metabolic needs
PARTS OF A TUMOR:
- actively dividing
PARENCHYMA
PARTS OF A TUMOR:
- connective tissue framework and lymphatic and vascular channels
STROMA
Decomposition of body carried out by microbial action (normal flora from gut migrates to blood vessels and spreads all over the body)
PUTREFACTION
SECONDARY CHANGES OF DEATH:
- STIFFENING of the muscles due lack of ATP
RIGOR MORTIS
ALGOR MORTIS are sped up by:
fever, extreme physical activity before death
SECONDARY CHANGES OF DEATH:
- Cooling of the body
- Normal rate of cooling: 7F/hr
ALGOR MORTIS
RIGOR MORTIS starts ____ hours port-mortem, completes _____ hrs post-mortem and persist for ____ days.
2-3 hours post-mortem; 6-12 hrs post-mortem; 3-4 days
SECONDARY CHANGES OF DEATH:
- Purplish discoloration of skin due to blood stasis
LIVOR MORTIS/SUGGILATION
SECONDARY CHANGES OF DEATH:
General drying and wrinkling of fluid-filled organs;
most evident in the cornea, and anterior chamber of eye
DESSICATION
