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BLOOD BANK LAB > ABO forward typing > Flashcards

ABO forward typing Flashcards

1
Q

testing with both anti-A and anti-B is necessary to?

A

determine if rbc possess or lack A and/or B blood group of antigens

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2
Q

absence of agglutination is a ___ which indicates ___

A

negative result

indicates the corresponding antigen is not demonstrable.

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3
Q

agglutination of rbc with a given reagent is a ___ which indicates ___

A

positive

indicates presence of corresponding antigen on the red test result, which indicates the presence of the corresponding antigen on the rbc

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4
Q

materials needed in abo typing tube method

A
  • gloves
  • 5 ml test tubes
  • test tube rack
  • calibrated plastic pipets
  • buffered nss
  • antisera (A and B)
  • serological centrifuge
  • markers/gum labels
  • biohazard container
  • blood samples
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5
Q

quality control

A
  • reagent must be tested daily
  • do not use beyond expiration date
  • store at 2C - 8C
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6
Q

preservative of the reagent

A

sodium azide 0.1%

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7
Q

storage temp when using the reagent

A

room temp (20-30C)

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8
Q

specimen of choice

A

EDTA anticoagulated blood

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9
Q

stroage req of blood samples

A

2-8C

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10
Q

make 3-5% rbc suspension by adding?

A
  • 1 drop washed red cells
  • 19 drops buffered NSS
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11
Q

color of anti-A

A

cobalt blue

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12
Q

how many drops of rbc suspension in A tube and B tube?

A

1 drop

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13
Q

after mixing the contents of the tube, what is the next thing to do?

A

centrifuge all tubes for 30 secs

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14
Q

steps in tube method

A
  • label test tubes
  • make 3-5% rbc suspension
  • place reagents on each appropriate tube
  • add 1 drop rbc suspension
  • mix content and centrifuge
  • gently re-suspend the rbc button and examine them for agglutination
  • read and record the result
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15
Q

positive test indicates?

A

agglutination of rbcs

presence of corresponding antigen

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16
Q

negative control should have?

A

a negative result

17
Q

common sources of technical error in ABO typing (10)

A
  • inadequate identification of blood specimens, test tubes or slides.
  • cell suspension either too heavy or too light
  • clerical errors
  • a mix-up in samples
  • missed observation of hemolysis
  • failure to add reagents
  • failure to follow manufacturer’s instructions
  • uncalibrated centrifuge
  • contaminated reagents/expired reagents
  • warming during centrifugation due to uncalibrated centrifuge
18
Q

several large agglutinates - clear background, what is the strength of reaction?

A

+3

18
Q

appearance of +4

A

one solid agglutinate

19
Q

tiny/small agglutinates - turbid background indicates strength of reaction ___

A

+1 to W+

19
Q

+2 appearance

A

medium sized agglutinates - clear background

20
Q

0 appearance in grading of agglutination

A

no agglutination or hemolysis

21
Q

designed to check for the presence of the expected ABO blood group antibodies

A

reverse grouping

22
Q

sample of choice of reverse

A

plasma can be used but serum is preferred

23
Q

quality control of reverse ABO

A

use freshly prepred 2-5% rbc suspension of a known blood type A and blood type B for A cell and B cell reagents

24
Q

marked hemolysis in reverse typing indicates?

A

instability or contamination and the reagent must be discarded

25
Q

steps in reverse

A
  • label each test tubes (aC and bC)
  • place 1 drop of reagent in each tube
  • add 2 drops of serum or plasma to tube aC and bC
  • mix and centrifuge for 30 seconds
  • gently re-suspend the rbc button and examine for agglutination
  • read and record
26
Q

positive result of reverse indicates?

A

agglutination of rbc in the presence of reagent

27
Q

no agglutination of rbc is a negative test result and indicates

A

corresponding antibody is not demonstrable

28
Q

he was the first to perform forward and reverse typing

A

Dr. Karl Lansteiner

29
Q

forward grouping is to?

A

to detect antigens on an individual’s RBCs

30
Q

most frequently performed test in the blood bank

A

ABO grouping

BLOOD BANK LAB (11 decks)

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