Abstract factory

Question 1

What is the main purpose of the Abstract Factory Pattern?

Answer 1

To create families of related objects without specifying concrete classes.

Question 2

How does the Abstract Factory Pattern differ from the Factory Method Pattern?

Answer 2

Factory Method creates one product, while Abstract Factory creates multiple related products.

Question 3

Why is the Abstract Factory Pattern classified as a creational design pattern?

Answer 3

Because it focuses on object creation in a structured and flexible way.

Question 4

What problem does the Abstract Factory Pattern solve in software design?

Answer 4

It ensures consistency among related objects and hides object creation from the client.

Question 5

How does the Abstract Factory Pattern promote loose coupling?

Answer 5

: It abstracts object creation, allowing the client to work with interfaces instead of concrete classes.

Question 6

What is the key advantage of using an Abstract Factory over directly instantiating objects?

Answer 6

It provides consistent object creation and makes it easier to switch product families.

Question 7

What is meant by the term “family of related objects” in the Abstract Factory Pattern?

Answer 7

A group of products that are designed to work together, like UI elements in a theme.

Question 8

What would happen if an Abstract Factory did not enforce consistency across related products?

Answer 8

Incompatible objects might be used together, causing runtime errors or UI inconsistencies.

Question 9

How does the Abstract Factory Pattern help maintain the Open-Closed Principle?

Answer 9

New product families can be added without modifying existing client code.

Question 10

When should you use the Abstract Factory Pattern instead of the Factory Method Pattern?

Answer 10

When you need to create multiple related objects instead of just one.

Question 11

What are the main components of the Abstract Factory Pattern?

Answer 11

Abstract Factory, Concrete Factory, Abstract Product, Concrete Product, Client.

Question 12

What role does the Abstract Factory play in the pattern?

Answer 12

It defines interfaces for creating families of related products.

Question 13

What role do the Concrete Factories play in the pattern?

Answer 13

They implement the Abstract Factory and create specific product families.

Question 14

What is an Abstract Product in the Abstract Factory Pattern?

Answer 14

It defines a common interface for a family of products.

Question 15

How do Concrete Products differ from Abstract Products?

Answer 15

They provide specific implementations of abstract products.

Question 16

How does the Abstract Factory ensure that all created objects belong to the same family?

Answer 16

Each Concrete Factory creates only products from the same family.

Question 17

How does polymorphism play a role in the Abstract Factory Pattern?

Answer 17

The client interacts with abstract products, while factories return concrete implementations.

Question 18

Why does the Abstract Factory Pattern typically involve interfaces or abstract classes?

Answer 18

To ensure flexibility and enforce consistency across product families.

Question 19

What happens if a client code directly instantiates product classes instead of using an Abstract Factory?

Answer 19

It violates encapsulation, making it harder to switch product families.

Question 20

What is the difference between an Abstract Factory and a Simple Factory?

Answer 20

Abstract Factory creates multiple related products, while Simple Factory creates only one type of product.

Question 21

How would you apply the Abstract Factory Pattern in a UI framework that supports different themes?

Answer 21

Create factories for each theme (e.g., DarkThemeFactory, LightThemeFactory) to produce UI elements.

Question 22

How would the Abstract Factory Pattern help in a game with different types of worlds (e.g., Medieval, Sci-Fi, Fantasy)?

Answer 22

Each world would have a factory to create world-specific objects (e.g., characters, environments).

Question 23

How does the Abstract Factory Pattern improve database connection handling when working with multiple databases?

Answer 23

It provides a factory for each database type (e.g., MySQLFactory, PostgreSQLFactory).

Question 24

How would the Abstract Factory Pattern be useful in designing a cross-platform application?

Answer 24

Each platform (Windows, macOS, Linux) would have its own factory to create platform-specific components.

Question 25

What are some disadvantages of using the Abstract Factory Pattern?

Answer 25

Increased complexity due to multiple classes. Hard to add new product types without modifying all factories.

Question 26

Give an example where the Abstract Factory Pattern would not be an ideal choice.

Answer 26

When only one type of object is needed, multiple factories are unnecessary.

Question 27

How does the Abstract Factory Pattern compare to using if-else or switch statements for object creation?

Answer 27

It eliminates conditional logic, making the code more flexible and scalable.

Question 28

How would the Abstract Factory Pattern be useful in an e-commerce system that supports multiple payment gateways?

Answer 28

Each payment gateway (PayPal, Stripe, Google Pay) would have its own factory to create related objects.

Question 29

Can the Abstract Factory Pattern be used in multi-threaded applications? If so, what should be considered?

Answer 29

Yes, but ensure thread safety when accessing shared factory instances.

Question 30

How would you modify an Abstract Factory implementation to allow runtime selection of the factory type?

Answer 30

Use a Factory Selector that dynamically picks a factory based on configuration.

Question 31

What is the Abstract Factory in the provided C++ code snippet? class Button { public: virtual void render() = 0; }; class WindowsButton : public Button { public: void render() override { std::cout << "Rendering Windows Button" << std::endl; } }; class MacOSButton : public Button { public: void render() override { std::cout << "Rendering MacOS Button" << std::endl; } }; class GUIFactory { public: virtual Button* createButton() = 0; }; class WindowsFactory : public GUIFactory { public: Button* createButton() override { return new WindowsButton(); } }; class MacOSFactory : public GUIFactory { public: Button* createButton() override { return new MacOSButton(); } };

Answer 31

GUIFactory class.

Question 32

What is the Concrete Factory in the provided C++ code snippet?

Answer 32

WindowsFactory and MacOSFactory classes.

Question 33

What is the Abstract Product in the provided C++ code snippet?

Answer 33

Button class.

Question 34

What is the Concrete Product in the provided C++ code snippet?

Answer 34

WindowsButton and MacOSButton classes.

Question 35

How does the provided C++ code follow the Abstract Factory Pattern?

Answer 35

It defines a GUIFactory to create platform-specific UI elements.

Question 36

How would you modify the Abstract Factory implementation to support an additional product, such as a Checkbox?

Answer 36

Add an Abstract Checkbox interface and Concrete Checkbox implementations.

Question 37

What would happen if a Concrete Factory did not implement all the product creation methods defined in the Abstract Factory?

Answer 37

It would break consistency, potentially causing runtime errors.

Question 38

What is the benefit of using dynamic binding in the Abstract Factory Pattern?

Answer 38

It allows runtime flexibility, enabling the factory to create objects dynamically.

Question 39

How can you implement the Abstract Factory Pattern in Python, Java, or JavaScript?

Answer 39

Python: Use abstract base classes (ABC). Java: Use interfaces and factory classes. JavaScript: Use ES6 classes with factory functions.