Abuke, Balbin, Biaca, Dalida

Question 1

The primary cause of flea infestations in dogs

Answer 1

Ctenocephalides felis

Question 2

Flea Allergy Dermatitis (FAD) in dogs is a hypersensitivity reaction to what substance?

Answer 2

Saliva

Question 3

What are the ideal environmental conditions for flea development?

Answer 3

Humidity >50% and temperatures between 70–85°F (21–29°C).

Question 4

Flea Allergy Dermatitis (FAD) results from which types of hypersensitivity reactions?

Answer 4

Type I (immediate) and Type IV (delayed).

Question 5

What clinical finding is considered the hallmark sign of flea infestation and FAD?

Answer 5

Pruritus (itchiness).

Question 6

Where is hair loss commonly observed in dogs with FAD?

Answer 6

At the base of the tail, thighs, and abdomen.

Question 7

When performing a visual inspection for fleas, what is a key characteristic of flea dirt to differentiate it from regular dirt?

Answer 7

It turns red when wet.

Question 8

Ticks belong to which class of arthropods?

Answer 8

Arachnida.

Question 9

Mange in dogs is a skin disease caused by various species of ___________

Answer 9

Microscopic mites

Question 10

Which mite species causes Canine Scabies (Sarcoptic mange)?

Answer 10

Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis.

Question 11

What form of mange is generally not considered contagious via direct contact?

Answer 11

Demodicosis

Question 12

What is a common clinical sign of Sarcoptic mange?

Answer 12

Sudden, intense pruritus with crusty lesions.

Question 13

What is the typical method for diagnosing Demodicosis?

Answer 13

Deep skin scrapings and microscopy.

Question 14

Which canine louse species is known to be an intermediate host for the canine tapeworm Dipylidium caninum?

Answer 14

Trichodectes canis.

Question 15

Acanthamoeba is a genus of free-living amoebae commonly found in:

Answer 15

Soil, freshwater, dust, and man-made water systems.

Question 16

What are the two forms in which Acanthamoeba protozoa exist?

Answer 16

Trophozoite and cyst

Question 17

Which stage of Acanthamoeba is highly resistant to disinfectants, temperature extremes, and desiccation, and is considered the infective stage?

Answer 17

Cyst

Question 18

How does the active, feeding trophozoite stage of Acanthamoeba move?

Answer 18

Using acanthopodia (spine-like projections).

Question 19

Clinical signs of GAE in dogs may include:

Answer 19

Frequent whining, head pressing, disorientation, ataxia, and seizures.

Question 20

Acanthamoeba Keratitis primarily affects the eyes of dogs, especially those exposed to:

Answer 20

Contaminated water sources or corneal trauma.

Question 21

What is a characteristic lesion seen in the cornea of dogs with Acanthamoeba Keratitis?

Answer 21

A ring-shaped (annular or paracentric) infiltrate.

Question 22

When Acanthamoeba enters the body through broken or damaged skin, what type of lesions may develop?

Answer 22

Localized areas of granulomatous inflammation appearing as firm, raised nodules.

Question 23

Disseminated acanthamoebiasis in dogs is a rare and serious condition that often spreads to multiple organs including:

Answer 23

The brain, lungs, liver, skin, and reproductive organs.

Question 24

Culture techniques for Acanthamoeba involve growing the organism on:

Answer 24

Non-nutrient agar seeded with Escherichia coli.

Question 25

For treating Granulomatous Amoebic Encephalitis (GAE), what type of therapy is recommended?

Answer 25

A combination therapy approach with various antiprotozoal and antifungal drugs.

Question 26

Acanthamoeba keratitis is managed with topical antiseptics such as:

Answer 26

Polyhexamethylene biguanide or chlorhexidine.

Question 27

Which antiprotozoal drug, often used for Acanthamoeba infections, works by disrupting DNA synthesis in the parasite?

Answer 27

Metronidazole.

Question 28

Which species of roundworm is most important and common in puppies?

Answer 28

Toxocara canis

Question 29

What is a hallmark clinical sign of roundworm infection in puppies?

Answer 29

Pot-bellied appearance.

Question 30

Which of the following drugs is used for routine deworming against roundworms? a) Metronidazole. b) Fenbendazole. c) Praziquantel. d) Sulfadimethoxine

Answer 30

Fenbendazole.

Question 31

Which hookworm species is the principal cause of canine hookworm disease in most tropical and subtropical areas?

Answer 31

Ancylostoma caninum.

Question 32

Besides fecal-oral route, how else can hookworm larvae transmit infection?

Answer 32

Skin penetration.

Question 33

What is a common clinical sign of hookworm infection due to blood feeding?

Answer 33

Pale gums and diarrhea (often with blood or dark, tarry stool).

Question 34

What is the main whipworm species affecting dogs?

Answer 34

Trichuris vulpis.

Question 35

Where do whipworms typically attach themselves in the intestinal wall of dogs?

Answer 35

Colon and cecum.

Question 36

What is the hallmark clinical sign of whipworm infection in dogs?

Answer 36

Acute or chronic large intestinal diarrhea.

Question 37

What is the most common type of tapeworm affecting dogs?

Answer 37

Dipylidium caninum.

Question 38

How does a dog primarily get infected with Dipylidium caninum tapeworm?

Answer 38

By ingesting an infected flea while grooming or scratching.

Question 39

What are the segments containing tapeworm eggs that are passed in a dog's feces called?

Answer 39

Proglottids

Question 40

What is a common clinical sign of tapeworm infection that owners might notice?

Answer 40

Anal itch and scooting.

Question 41

Which drug is commonly used to treat tapeworm infections in dogs? a) Fenbendazole. b) Pyrantel. c) Praziquantel. d) Metronidazole.

Answer 41

Praziquantel.

Question 42

Cryptosporidiosis is a gastrointestinal parasitic disease caused by protozoan species of the genus Cryptosporidium. This water-borne illness is most often seen in: a) Older, debilitated dogs. b) Young dogs who play in bodies of fresh water. c) Dogs eating only dry kibble. d) Dogs living in extremely cold climates.

Answer 42

Young dogs who play in bodies of fresh water.

Question 43

Which Cryptosporidium species is most commonly associated with infections in dogs?

Answer 43

Cryptosporidium canis.

Question 44

Most Cryptosporidium infections that result in symptoms in dogs involve:

Answer 44

Puppies younger than 6 months of age.

Question 45

What diagnostic method for cryptosporidiosis involves staining fecal smears with Ziehl-Neelsen stain to look for red spherical-to-ovoid oocysts?

Answer 45

Sheather's flotation sedimentation staining (modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique).

Question 46

For cryptosporidiosis treatment in puppies and immunocompromised dogs with persistent diarrhea, which drug might be used?

Answer 46

Azithromycin.

Question 47

Cystoisosporiasis (Coccidiosis) in dogs is caused by protozoan coccidian parasites of the genus _______

Answer 47

Cystoisospora.

Question 48

Cystoisospora infections are particularly prevalent in which age group of dogs?

Answer 48

Puppies, especially those under 4 months of age.

Question 49

Which of the following is an effective coccidiocidal drug used for the treatment of cystoisosporiasis in dogs? a) Ivermectin. b) Ponazuril. c) Metronidazole. d) Praziquantel.

Answer 49

Ponazuril.

Question 50

How is Giardia primarily transmitted?

Answer 50

Through the fecal-oral route.

Question 51

Pathological changes caused by Giardia trophozoites attaching to the intestinal mucosa include:

Answer 51

Increased epithelial permeability and shortening of brush border microvilli.

Question 52

What is a common clinical sign of giardiasis, which can be intermittent, especially in young animals?

Answer 52

Chronic diarrhea and steatorrhea.

Question 53

Which drug is known to effectively remove Giardia cysts from the feces of dogs and is safe for pregnant and lactating animals? a) Metronidazole. b) Fenbendazole. c) Albendazole. d) Ivermectin.

Answer 53

Fenbendazole